International conference on bioinformatics of genome regulation
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Key words: CAGE, transcriptional activity, promoter landscape, spaceflight, zebrafish Motivation and Aim: Animal models are important to understanding influence of differ- ent factors of long-term spaceflights on living organisms and can be helpful for forecast- ing and prevention negative effects of spaceflights on humans. Some previous experi- ments, which performed on fish models using simulated microgravitation conditions and exposure aboard International Space Station (ISS), shows significant changes in whole genome gene expression. To define impact of spaceflight to tanscriptional activity on promoter level in Zebrafish tissues, we perform experiments using cap-analysis gene expression (CAGE) methodology. Methods and Algorithms: Two groups of Zebrafish individuals was used as experimental and control group. The individuals from experimental group were maintained in Aquatic Habitat (AQH) in ISS and fixated in RNA stabilization reagent immediately after ar- riving and after 36 days of staying aboard. Part of experimental group animals were returned alive from ISS for RNA fixation in ground conditions in two time-points: 2 and 36 days after return. The animals from ground control group were fixated at the same time-points. Results and Conclusion: First results of CAGE shows significant impact of spaceflight on transcriptional initiation landscape. More than 600 genes are changing their expres- sion in eye samples, after arriving aboard ISS. Notably, the number of differentially expressed genes decreased to 154 after 36 days in space, it can be supposed successful adaptation to spaceflight conditions. From genes, that significantly activated in space, we found several important transcription factors: Fos, FosB and Jdp2, that regulate ex- pression of many genes involved in growth and tissue development processes. Gene Ontology analysis of space-responsive genes shows significant over-representation of functional categories associated with circadian clock system, that confirm influence of microgravitation conditions to regulation of rhythmic processes in animals. Acknowledgements: The work is performed according to the Russian Government Pro- gram of Competitive Growth of Kazan Federal University. 63 THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS OF GENOME REGULATION AND STRUCTURE\SYSTEMS BIOLOGY SIMULATION OF ENHANCER EVOLUTION IN A COM- PUTATIONAL MODEL OF THE DROSOPHILA GAP GENE NETWORK A.A. Chertkova 1 , J. Schiffman 2 , K.N. Kozlov 1 , M.G. Samsonova 1 , S.V. Nuzhdin 1, 2 , V.V. Gursky 1, 3 * 1 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia 2 University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA 3 Ioffe Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia * Corresponding author: gursky@math.ioffe.ru Key words: evolution, enhancer, thermodynamic model, gap genes, drosophila Motivation and Aim: The evolutionary conservation of enhancers is connected with their regulatory function. We aim to study how the DNA regulatory sequence evolves un- der the action of selection constraints. We simulate in silico evolution of the gap gene regulatory regions in Drosophila and use a model connecting the genotype (regulatory sequence) and a phenotype (gene expression pattern) for this purpose [1]. Methods and Algorithms: We consider a finite-size population of individuals consisting of the putative regulatory regions (enhancers) of four gap genes, and the first generation of this population is set to the wild-type sequence. The individuals are randomly mutated and recombined in the simulation over many generations. We put this population under the negative selection with the survival rate for the progenies defined by a fitness func- tion that does not allow large deviations of gene expression patterns for each individual from the wild-type expression patterns. We estimate the sequence variability at the level of binding affinities of transcription factor binding sites and at the level of gene expres- sion. Results: We show that the total number of transcription factor binding sites essentially decreases in the course of the evolution. We break the regulatory sequence into non- overlapping segments and calculate a cumulative binding energy of binding sites within each segment. The distribution of this energy across all segments evolves to larger mean values and smaller variance. We show that the binding energies of distinct regulatory segments exhibit extensive mutual correlations, which are specific for each gap gene. Less than 10 percent of binding sites stay in the population during all the evolution time. These core binding sites have higher influence on gene expression. We also dem- onstrate that even weak binding sites from the local vicinity of the core sites are more conserved, thus elucidating the functional role of this vicinity. Overall, the results clarify the mechanisms of how the binding affinity landscape for enhancers evolves and how this evolution is connected with the functional importance of various parts of the regula- tory sequence. Availability: The software is available from authors upon request. Acknowledgments: Thе study was supported by the RSF grant 14-14-00302. References: 1. K. Kozlov, V. Gursky, I. Kulakovskiy, A. Dymova and M. Samsonova, Analysis of functional impor- tance of binding sites in the Drosophila gap gene network model. BMC Genomics 2015, 16(Suppl 13):S7 64 THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS OF GENOME REGULATION AND STRUCTURE\SYSTEMS BIOLOGY FUNCTIONAL ANALYSES ON THE MECHANISM OF INDUCTION OF ANHYDROBIOSIS IN THE MIDGE POLYPEDILUM VANDERPLANKI R. Cornette*, K-I. Iwata, S. Kikuta, Y. Sogame, T. Okuda, T. Kikawada Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia * Corresponding author: cornette@affrc.go.jp Key words: Anhydrobiosis, Oxidative Stress, Gene expression, Microarray, RNAi Motivation and Aim: The sleeping chironomid, Polypedilum vanderplanki, is the only insect able to survive almost complete desiccation in an ametabolic state known as anhy- drobiosis. Previous studies identified genes involved in anhydrobiosis (1) and compara- tive genomics showed that those genes were concentrated into specific genomic regions (2). However, little is known about the mechanisms inducing the expression of those genes for successful anhydrobiosis. Here, we focused on the role of oxidative stress and some key genes on the induction of anhydrobiosis. Methods and Algorithms: P. vanderplanki larvae were subjected to desiccation stress, salt stress and oxidative stress to induce the expression of anhydrobiosis-related genes. Gene expression was investigated by microarray analysis, Real-time PCR and Western blot. The implication of the oxidative stress response and heat shock response transcrip- tion factors Cnc-C and Hsf was investigated by knock-down analysis with RNAi. Plas- mid transfection and ectopic expression were also used to characterize a desiccation responsive response element. Results: Physiological experiments showed that oxidative stress was produced during the induction of anhydrobiosis and general oxidation was damaging proteins, lipids and DNA. However, oxidative stress was also directly responsible for the induction of an- hydrobiosis-related protective genes and generated an expression profile similar to that observed during anhydrobiosis. Knock-down by RNAi of the main transcription factor controlling the response to oxidative stress, Cnc-C, showed that this gene affects the ex- pression of some anhydrobiosis-related genes and also the survival rate after rehydration of dry larvae. RNAi was also effective on Hsf, showing cross-talk between heat shock response and anhydrobiosis. Finally, we identified a desiccation responsive promoter, PDDRE, which induced ectopic expression of GFP in desiccating larvae. Conclusion: Oxidative stress is probably the main trigger of anhydrobiosis in P. vander- planki. However, its integration operates through a complex cascade including Cnc-C, Hsf, PDDRE, and certainly numerous still unidentified factors. References: 1. R. Cornette et al. (2010) Identification of anhydrobiosis-related genes from an expressed sequence tag databasein the cryptobiotic midge Polypedilum vanderplanki (Diptera; Chironomidae), JBC, 285: 35889-35899. 2. O. Gusev et al. (2014) Comparative genome sequencing reveals genomic signature of extreme desicca- tion tolerance in the anhydrobiotic midge, Nature Communications, 5: 4784. 65 THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS OF GENOME REGULATION AND STRUCTURE\SYSTEMS BIOLOGY MODELING OF THE BLOOD FLOW IN THE NARROWED VESSELS S.G. Davydova¹*, E.A. Biberdorf ¹ , ² ¹ Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia ² Sobolev Institute of Mathematics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia * Corresponding author: svetamira_davydova@mail.ru Key words: one-dimensional model of hemodynamics, mathematical modeling, pulse wave velocity, aorta Motivation and Aim: A complex mathematical model of the cardiovascular system real- ized on the BioUML platform was created as a result of the cooperation of Sobolev Insti- tute of Mathematics and Design Technological Institute of Digital Techniques SBRAS. It proved to be very effective in many experiments [1]. This model assumes that all ves- sels have the cylindrical form. But at the same time a number of large vessels such as the aorta have a conical shape. A transition from the cylindrical vessels to the conic ones allows to significantly improve this model, especially in questions of modeling of a pulse wave. Thus the purpose of this work is to construct an one-dimensional hemodynamics model for the vessel’s conical shape and research the distinctions between the vessels of conical and cylindrical forms. Methods and Algorithms: Theoretical methods of mathematical physics, computational methods - a method of straight lines and orthogonal pro-race. Results: The system of hemodynamics equations for the conical shaped vessels has been obtained and its program realization in the MATLAB system has been carried out. The velocity of blood flow and the distribution of the pulse wave, the influence of a filtration coefficient on the formation of the reflected wave and the reflection of the pulse wave from the place of the joint of two cylindrical vessels have been investigated. The calcula- tions results lead to the conclusion that using of conic vessels and also the special filtra- tion coefficient on the ends of the terminal vessels allows avoiding of the emergence of «excess» reflections of the pulse wave. Conclusion: The received model for the vessels of conical shape can be recommended for the improvement of the existing model on the BioUML platform, in particular, for more accurate modeling of the pulse wave profile. Availability: http://lib.nsu.ru:8081/xmlui/handle/nsu/10420 References: 1. I. N. Kiselev, E.A. Biberdorf, V.I. Baranov, T.G. Komlyagina, V.N. Melnikov, I.Yu. Suvorova, S.G. Krivoshchekov, F.A. Kolpakov, «Personalization of Parameters and Validation of Model of the Human Cardiovascular System», Mat. Biolog. Bioinform., Vol. 10, № 2, 2015, P. 526-547. 66 THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS OF GENOME REGULATION AND STRUCTURE\SYSTEMS BIOLOGY STRUCTURAL PATTERNS AMONG THE DIVERSITY OF FLAVIN-DEPENDENT OXIDOREDUCTASES FROM LUMINOUS BACTERIA AND E. COLI A.A. Deeva*, E.A. Temlyakova, A.A. Sorokin, E.V. Nemtseva, V.A. Kratasyuk Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia Institute of Cell Biophysics RAS, Pushchino, Russia * Corresponding author: adeeva@sfu-kras.ru Key words: flavin-dependent oxidoreductase; bacterial luciferase; luminous bacteria; structural bioinformatics Motivation and Aim: In luminous bacteria flavin-dependent oxidoreductases play an im- portant role in supplying unstable reduced flavin for a bioluminescencent reaction cata- lyzed by bacterial luciferase. Currently the problem of flavin transfer between these two enzymes is under consideration due to a diversity of oxidoreductases capable either to form a complex with luciferase [1], or to transfer flavin via free diffusion [2]. The aim of our study was to reveal probable structural similarities of various oxidoreductases with known amino acid sequences. Methods and Algorithms: The protein-protein BLAST algorithm was used to search the NCBI database for homologs of starting sequences. Phylogenetic analysis was per- formed using MAFFT and PhyML software. SWISS-MODEL server was used to re- construct unknown structures. FMN and NAD(P) binding sites were mapped by using the NCBI Conserved Domains web server. Surface electrostatic potential was described with Apbs software. Results: Structural homologs belong to relative oxidoreductase families and the major- ity of conserved amino acid positions are located in proximity within FMN and NAD(P) binding sites. Electrostatic potential distribution on molecular recognition surface of the reductases show similar patterns in vicinity of the hypothetical interface involved into interaction with luciferase. A few oxidoreductases from E. coli have a high amino-acid similarity with corresponding oxidoreductases from luminous bacteria. Conclusion: Structural and physical peculiarities inherent for different oxidoreductase families determine possible interaction mode with bacterial luciferase. Acknowledgements: The reported study was funded by RFBR according to the research project No. 16-34-00746 mol_a and by the grant No.1762 from The Ministry of Educa- tion and Science of the Russian Federation. References: 1. S. Tu (2008) Activity coupling and complex formation between bacterial luciferase and flavin reduc- tases, Photochem. Photobiol. Sci. 7: 183–88. 2. R. Tinikul et al. (2013) The transfer of reduced flavin mononucleotide from LuxG oxidoreductase to luciferase occurs via free diffusion, Biochemistry 52: 6834-43. 67 THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS OF GENOME REGULATION AND STRUCTURE\SYSTEMS BIOLOGY ANHYDROBIOSIS RELATED PROMOTERS IN PV11 CELL LINE R.M. Deviatiiarov 1 *, T. Kikawada 2 , R. Cornette 2 , O.A. Gusev 1, 2, 3 1 Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology KFU, Kazan, Russia 2 National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences NIAS, Tsukuba, Japan 3 Center of Life Science Technologies RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan * Corresponding author: ruselusalbus@gmail.com Key words: Anhydrobiosis, promoters, CAGE, regulation of gene expression Motivation and Aim: Dry preservation of tissues, cells and genetic material supposed to be a more preferable approach for long term storage in biobanks than lyophilization and cryopreservation. Pv11 cell line, which is able to survive dehydration [1], is a pro- spective model for this purpose. The major components are already known (trehalose and LEA proteins), but the regulatory systems still stay unclear. Therefore, we have two sides of interest – fundamental, to reveal the effect of anhydrobiosis on promoters’ organization, together with practical significance for the further vectors construction, as example. In the beginning, discovery of promoter regions using CAGE could give an insight about possible transcription factors and general features, like GC content, shape, and active genes, which are described in the current research. Methods and Algorithms: CAGE libraries were performed in three replicates for six stag- es of desiccation/rehydration of Pv11 cell line and sequenced on HiSeq 2500 (high out- put mode, 50 ‐bp single end). R packages “edgeR”, “CAGEr” were applied for differen- tial expression analysis, peaks clustering, plotting and other objects. The MEME Suite and AgriGO online tools for motifs and gene ontology tags enrichment, respectively. Results: CAGE revealed 9218 active promoters and 8139 active coding genes in the cell culture. If we consider 200 bp area around TSS, the average GC% is 26.9, which is lower than in genome in general (28%), and for 50 bp regions – about 30.3%. Among gene-associated promoters ~30% classified as peaked and the rest have wide type distri- bution of CAGE signal. These peaked promoters have significantly (p<2.2e-16) higher GC content. DE analysis with expression profiles clustering uncovered the desiccation specific group of genes (n=1202), including 40 of 68 active cryptogenes. GO enrichment showed terms about homeostasis, like GO:0019725, GO:0045454 and other, confirming importance of selected genes. While GC distribution in promoters for this group has no essential bias, the shape is much wider, and motifs enrichment analysis showed particu- lar traits, as specific positions around +1 and +30 bp from TSS, including stress factors binding sites, like ABRE. Conclusion: We defined active and desiccation specific genes in Pv11, described the basic properties of their promoters. Here we found that wide shape not associated with high GC content, suggesting a lack of conventional CpG islands. Acknowledgements: This work was supported by Russian Science Foundation, grant №14-44-00022 References: 1. Y. Nakahara et al. (2010) Cells from an anhydrobiotic chironomid survive almost complete desiccation, Cryobiology, 60, 138-146. 68 THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS OF GENOME REGULATION AND STRUCTURE\SYSTEMS BIOLOGY GENE EXPRESSION PROFILING OF FLAX (LINUM USITATISSIMUM L.) UNDER EDAPHIC STRESS A.A. Dmitriev 1 , A.V. Kudryavtseva 1 , N.V. Koroban 1 , G.S. Krasnov 1 , A.S. Speran- skaya 1, 2 , A.A. Krinitsina 2 , M.S. Belenikin 1, 2 , A.V. Snezhkina 1 , A.F. Sadritdinova 1 , O.Yu. Yurkevich 1 , N.V. Kishlyan 3 , T.A. Rozhmina 3 , O.V. Muravenko 1 , N.L. Bolsheva 1 , N.V. Melnikova 1 * 1 Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia 2 Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow, Russia 3 All-Russian Research Institute for Flax, Torzhok, Russia * Corresponding author: mnv-4529264@yandex.ru Key words: Linum usitatissimum, flax, edaphic stress, expression alterations, nutrients Motivation and Aim: Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) is an important crop, which is widely used in textile, food, pharmaceutical and chemical industries. Edaphic stresses result in crop losses and decrease of flax oil and fiber production. In the present work, the impact of nutrient stress on flax plants has been studied. Methods and Algorithms: F lax plants of line Stormont cirrus and cultivar Bethune were grown under normal, deficient and excess nutrition. RNA was extracted from up- per leaves and cDNA libraries were constructed. Next generation sequencing (NGS) of cDNA libraries was performed on Illumina platform. SOAPdenovo assembler was used for the assembly of flax transcriptome. For quantitative PCR (qPCR) data analysis, ΔΔC t method and 2 reference genes (ETIF3H and ETIF3E) were used [ 1 ] . Statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: Consequently, 69M, 27M, and 24M of 100 bp reads were obtained for flax plants grown under phosphate deficient (P), normal (N), and nutrient excess (NPK) conditions respectively. In total, 43471 transcripts were identified and their expression levels were assessed. 14 differentially expressed genes were chosen on the basis of obtained NGS data and their expression was evaluated on extended sampling (10 flax plants grown under N, 11 – under P, and 10 – under NPK conditions) using qPCR. The expression alterations under imbalanced nutrients were revealed for genes encoding WRKY DNA- binding protein family and JAZ (jasmonate-zim-domain) protein family. Conclusion: WRKY protein family regulates numerous processes in plants, includ- ing abiotic stress response [2]. Proteins of JAZ family are jasmonate signalling re- pressors, which control plant growth and development [3]. The role of WRKY and JAZ encoding genes in flax response to imbalanced nutrition was shown for the first time. These data provide new insights into edaphic stress response of flax. Acknowledgements: This work was financially supported by the Russian Science Foun- dation (grant 16-16-00114). References: 1. N.V.Melnikova, A.A.Dmitriev, et al. (2016) Identification, expression analysis, and target prediction of flax genotroph microRNAs under normal and nutrient stress conditions, Frontiers in Plant Science, 7: 399. 2. A.Banerjee, A.Roychoudhury (2015) WRKY proteins: signaling and regulation of expression during abiotic stress responses, The Scientific World Journal, 2015: 807560. 3. L.Pauwels, A.Goossens (2011) The JAZ proteins: a crucial interface in the jasmonate signaling cas- cade, The Plant Cell, 23(9): 3089-3100. 69 THE TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS OF GENOME REGULATION AND STRUCTURE\SYSTEMS BIOLOGY GENETICS AND PHYSIOLOGY OF WHEAT INFLORES- CENCE DEVELOPMENT O.B. Dobrovolskaya 1,5 *, P. Martinek 2 , Yu.L. Orlov 1 , A.A. Krasnikov 3 , E.D. Badaeva 4 , K.I. Popova 5 , J. Salse 6 , N. Watanabe 7 1 Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia 2 Agrotest Fyto, Ltd, Kroměříž, Czech Republic 3 Central Siberian Botanical Garden SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia 4 Vavilov Institute of General Genetics RAS, Moscow, Russia 5 Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, Novosibirsk, Russia 6 INRA-UBP UMR-1095, Clermont – Ferrand, France 7 College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ibaraki, Japan * Corresponding author:oxanad@bionet.nsc.ru Download 3.91 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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