Introduction Role of Grammar compared with other linguistic disciplines

Voice: active or passive. A distinction between active and passive is often called a distinction of voice. It offers different ways of focusing attention on various parts of information.

1. 
   When you talk about the person or thing that performs an action, you use the active voice. Mr Smith locks the gate at 6 o’clock every night. The storm destroyed dozens of trees. I deny that, said Joan. We know you’ve been cheating us. Why have you done it? Thus, the active voice shows that the person or thing denoted by the subject of a sentence is the agent (the doer of an action) expressed by the predicate verb.
   
2. 
   When you want to focus on the person or thing that is affected by an action, rather than the person or thing that performs the action, you use the passive voice. The gate is locked at 6 o’clock every night. Dozens of trees were destroyed. The news will be announced after dinner. The child knew that she was being praised. Nearly all the furniture will be taken out of the room. I was not allowed to chat. Trespassers will be prosecuted. The passive voice serves to show that the person or thing denoted by the subject of a sentence is not the agent (the doer of the action) expressed by the predicate verb but is the object of this action. The subject of the Passive verb does not act but is acted upon, it undergoes an action. To form the passive voice, all tenses use the corresponding active tense of BE + past participle. The chair was broken in the fight. Only transitive verbs can have a passive form.
   

Mood. A distinction (opposition) between indicative (for facts), imperative (for requests, instructions) and subjunctive (for non-facts, hypotheses, and suppositions) is usually called a distinction of mood.

• 
  The imperative is the same as the base form of verb. You use the imperative to ask or tell someone to do something, or to give advice, warnings, or instructions on how to do something. Start when you hear the bell. Don’t go so fast. Pass the salt. Hurry up!
  
• 
  There are few subjunctive forms in modern English, which usually finds other ways of indicating that the events being talked about are uncertain or hypothetical. There are two types of subjunctive:
  

1. 
   Base of the verb for all verbs and all persons is used to express wishes. God save the Queen! Bless you! Long live the President! Heaven help us!
   
2. 
   Were-subjunctive. The verb BE can use WERE for all persons in certain constructions.
   

If I were rich, I would change the world. If only I were young again. Suppose she were to win the championship.

Verb formatings in Uzbek
We know that in linguistics, the verb is the main part of the sentence. Every sentence cannot be without a verb, that is, without a participle. It follows naturally that the study of verb phrase is an important factor, and much research is currently being conducted in this regard. The analysis shows that English and Uzbek verbs are relatively similar, but differ only in terms of the place they are used in the sentence. However, the characteristics of verbs in these two languages have not been sufficiently studied. Therefore, it is important to carry out scientific practical research on the analysis and justification of the features, differences and common aspects of the verb word group in the Uzbek and English languages. Literature analysis. In the course of the analysis conducted that in English, the characteristics of the verb are gerund and infinitive forms, while in Uzbek they are similar to the form of the verb that is only the name of the action.
The verb word group and its characteristics in Uzbek and English languages were taken as the research object. The analysis of the processes of learning the characteristics of the verb phrase in English and Uzbek was carried out according to the literature related to the subject and the results of previous scientific works. According to the results of scientific theoretical studies, about the verb, we can say without any extra similes that the verb is an independent group of words and expresses an action and state or process. We can characterize the verb as an independent word group based on the following characteristics: 1. According to the lexical grammatical meaning as action and state or process;
2. According to the possession of unique stem-forming suffixes and prefixes and lexical grammatical word morphemes;
3. Due to the fact that the verb has more grammatical categories than other word groups, it is more developed in terms of word formation and modification than other word groups;
4. According to the way verbs are connected in their own way;
5. According to the fact that it can appear in any syntactic function in the sentence.
A verb is a group of words that expresses an action-state or process and has aspect, tense, inclination, ratio, perfect, modality and other such grammatical categories.
Verbs in the Uzbek language are divided into independent verbs and auxiliary verbs according to their lexical-grammatical characteristics. Independent verbs indicate action, have an independent meaning and can act as a part of a sentence.
For example: Hadicha poured water on the flowers in the garden.
Hadicha bog’dagi gullarga suv quydi.
Independent verbs in the Uzbek language, as well as in the English language, have the following forms: pure verb, noun of action, adjective, adverb, depending on the specific task of the word group.
Auxiliary verbs are used in various grammatical expressions and other tasks. We can also divide auxiliary verbs into the following types according to several characteristics:
1. auxiliary verbs that serve to form words and act as linking verbs;
2. verbs combining with verbs and expressing different joint meanings.

In both languages, verbs are a group of words that mainly indicate the activity of a person. We can see this from the following examples:

For instance: John and Ann are coming to market.
He wants to graduate from university with honors.
U universitetni a’lo baholarga tamomlamoqchi.
Verbs in English and Uzbek languages (in any language) can be divided into simple, passive, compound verbs according to their morphological structure, like other word groups.
Verbs that consist of a simple stem and do not have any suffix in the verb are considered simple verbs.
For example:
In Uzbek: kelmoq, yozmoq, yubormoq.
In English: to come, to write, to send.
Passive verbs are formed by adding verb-forming additions and suffixes to words from other word groups.
For example:
In Uzbek: -lan ovqatlanmoq;
-lash suhbatlashmoq.
In English: -dis disoppoint;
-re rewrite
It should also be added that in Uzbek you can make a new verb from words that are not verbs. That is, a verb cannot be made from a verb. In English, such a phenomenon is not observed, that is, a verb can be made from a verb.
For example, in Uzbek, you can say -la gulla, but not borla.
In English: -dis disappear;
-re restart.
Compound verbs are made up of two or more stems.
For example: In Uzbek: sotib olmoq, kirib chiqmoq.
In English: to whitewash, to broadcast.
In addition, verbs can be formed in the form of verb + adverb. For example: to take off - yechmoq, to go on - davom etmoq
In English, there are definite and indefinite forms of the verb, which differ from each other according to whether they are accented or not in the sentence. Forms of verbs that change in the categories of person, number, tense, tense and can act as participles in a sentence are called Finite Forms of the Verbs, that is, predicative forms.
For example: John asked me.
Forms of the verb that show the action and state in general and show a partial character or subjectivity are called non-finite forms of the verb, i.e. non-predicative forms.
According to the results of the analysis, these forms are formed differently in the Uzbek and English languages. According to the analysis, in English, if the verb is preceded by "to" or the suffix "-ing" is added to the end of the verb, it is formed by the suffixes "-ish, -moq" in Uzbek. We can see such analytical results not only in the verb form, but also in several verb characteristics. They are all mentioned above section.
As can be seen from the above examples, the verbs in Uzbek and English are different according to their characteristics. We can see such differences in the place of use of the verb in the sentence, suffixes and prefixes, verb forms, the use of auxiliary and independent verbs, the function of the verb in the sentence, compound and simple verbs, and several similar features.

Conclusion
Many young Uzbeks strive to master the English language. At many universities across the capital, Tashkent, many Uzbek students enroll in English language courses. For many, the English language is a break from the past and represents a new future. For young men, English language is a natural step in their business endeavors. As one male student mentioned, “The English language will help me establish strong business connections and make my business wealthier.” For many female students I spoke with they view the English language as a way to gain a professional career in translation or further their higher education pursuits.
Studying English has tangible benefits, which Uzbeks are already using to make a profit. According to the Caspian Policy Center, tourism in Uzbekistan has “nearly increased five-fold over the last three years.” Included in this increase, are tourists from Europe and the United States, and as more Western tourists begin to visit the country, Uzbeks with knowledge of the English language are able to create an advantage for themselves in the tourism industry, especially as tour guides and owners of tour companies. Many Uzbek university students realize this, and that is why when English classes are offered, they quickly become filled. For example, at Tashkent State University of the Uzbek Language and Literature (TSUULL), there has been much demand for English language programing. TSUULL is the university most translators and interpreters study, and many of the students interviewed recognized the importance the English language has for their futures. As one student mentioned, “Without knowledge of the English language, no large corporation in Uzbekistan would take me seriously.” This insight from the younger, up-and-coming Uzbek generation demonstrates the growing importance of English in the business sector, especially in tourism.

An investment in democracy building and civil society creation

Uzbeks take education seriously, with many vying for master’s and doctorate degrees. For many students, both inside the capital and also in the regions, studying the English language is a step in this goal to attain advanced degrees in the United States and Europe. Before, learning outside Uzbekistan was reserved for elites, but now that many universities are offering English language courses, Uzbek students from all economic backgrounds desire to study abroad in English-speaking countries. One advantage of the desire to learn English for Western countries is that by learning English, Uzbek students will have the opportunity to study in Western countries, later returning to Uzbekistan and bringing with them Western ideas. This will further the development of their country and continue to achieve more “open” policies.
After the collapse of the Soviet Union and until the early 2000s, the Uzbek government funded Uzbek students’ bachelor and master’s education in foreign countries (like the United States) through a program called “Umid.” Upon completion of this program, graduates were required to return to Uzbekistan, and most would work for the government. This program allowed for Western trained students to have an impact on the policies and procedures of the Uzbek government. Unfortunately, this program ended when relations with the West began to dissolve in the early 2000s.
Today, Uzbekistan has a scholarship for master’s students through the Karimov Foundation. Upon completion, students are also required to return to Uzbekistan, but there is no requirement to work for the government. While some students have begun to work for the government, there is not enough data or personal testimonies to understand the impacts. However, any Western educated Uzbek would undoubtedly bring back some ideas to the country to help further its democracy-building endeavors.