Introduction Role of Grammar compared with other linguistic disciplines

Plan:
Introduction
Role of Grammar compared with other linguistic disciplines
Lexical and grammatical meaning of verb, its morphological structure.
Verb formatings in Uzbek
Conclusion
Bibliography


Introduction
Uzbekistan is actively integrating into the global education system. The tumultuous changes sweeping over the CIS countries, reflected in all areas of life of the countries, have also affected the higher education system of Uzbekistan, which has entered the world arena. One of the strategic goals of the country is to join the ranks of developed, democratic States, to provide its people with favorable conditions for life and prosperity and to take a worthy place in the world community. In recent decades, the Republic of Uzbekistan has paid great attention to the education system. In order to achieve these goals, it is necessary to train competitive, creative specialists, fluent in foreign languages. Increasing global competition in the world determines the availability of highly qualified personnel as the central factor of progress.
The formation of human resources potential of the country becomes a priority, so one of the first steps of the independent country was the development and adoption of the National Program for Personnel Training. "Education Act" adopted in 1997, and the "National Personnel Training Program" in 1997. New relationships are also actively developing from day to day. Both in society and in education there is an intensive development of communication practices, the development of the spread of advanced technologies.
All this is blurring national boundaries not only economically, but also linguistically. English as the language of the computer, international conferences, tourism, where people of all nationalities participate and use English as a means of communication, with scientific purposes, on official need and for recreation, has become the most widespread. Knowledge of the language and computer literacy increase opportunities for professional development. The younger generation is in the focus of constant attention of the President, who sees young people as the promising future of Uzbekistan. According to UNICEF monitoring report for 2003, the youth under the age of 17 made up 11 out of 26 million people of Uzbekistan 42% of the total population. The documents on the development of education include the Presidential Decree No. PP-1875 of December 10, 2012, foreign language is studied in the system of continuous education since 2013, starting from the first grade of general secondary school to postgraduate education.
In May 2021, Shavkat Mirziyoyev issued a decree on the compulsory study of foreign languages in schools. Against this background, over the past year, the demand for English language learning has noticeably increased. Last May, Uzbek President Shavkat Mirziyoyev adopted a law requiring school leavers to master at least two foreign languages. In addition to schoolchildren, learning at least one foreign language is becoming a requirement for those who want to be officials or are already in public service. Proficiency in foreign languages will help Uzbekistan become more competitive in the global market, Mirziyoyev said. Provided a significant portion of the country's GDP is devoted to international translations, such a strategy is reasonable and justified. In this year's EF English Proficiency Index, Uzbekistan ranked 88th out of 122 countries.
The current stage is also the expansion of international cooperation, which is seen as one of the mechanisms of achieving the goals of the national program. The system of teaching foreign languages is aimed at forming a harmoniously developed, highly educated, creatively thinking younger generation, contributing to the further integration of the republic into the global community by training specialists fluent in the Internet and foreign languages. New requirements imposed by global competition, face problems, one of which is the lack of professionally-oriented textbooks of foreign languages, as well as the need for fluency in a foreign language specialist to be in demand and competitive in the labor market.
Without knowledge of a foreign language it is impossible to move around the countries. A qualified specialist who does not speak a foreign language cannot be in demand outside of Uzbekistan. English language has acquired the character of a global language, as the language not only of business and international communication, but also of political, cultural, scientific and technical transformations and achievements, the language of patents, documentation, computer technology. Knowledge of English is of practical importance for the growth of a specialist.
The important purpose of educational reforms in the modern world is to increase the standard of professional knowledge, increase the competitiveness of a specialist, for which the knowledge of languages is necessary. Such languages as English, Russian, Arabic are international languages in which business, cultural, political meetings, scientific conferences are conducted. English is the language of tourism and entertainment; 80% of Internet sites and 90% of publications are in English, the Internet is a source of information about the latest scientific and technological achievements. Only such a specialist can be in demand on the labor market and be successful in his or her future activities.
In this regard, the management of the process of shaping the professional qualities of a specialist is especially important. It is especially necessary now when business, political, cultural contacts are developing so rapidly, international organizations, communities, associations, joint ventures, firms, banks are being created. Demand for a foreign language is especially high for modern professions - businessman, banker, journalist, doctor, athlete, lawyer - all of them for successful activities need to know a foreign language, which will allow them to be in demand as professionals.
The purpose of foreign language instruction is to prepare students to use that language in their future profession. It is important to build a system of teaching at a new quality level by selecting the language material and improving the forms and methods, to achieve through the teaching of a foreign language effective impact on learning, beliefs, behavior, future employment Language is a product of a developing society, an indicator of people's culture, reflecting their mentality. The result of this study shows that the English language increases the number of highly qualified specialists and the competitiveness of personnel in the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Role of Grammar compared with other linguistic disciplines
Just as expert carpenters must be thoroughly acquainted with the tools of their craft and as artists must have expert knowledge of colours, so good translators have a thorough understanding of the basic material with which they work: words. Thoughts and utterances require words of several kinds – for example, naming words, asserting words, connecting words, descriptive words. One of the first steps to effective translating is, therefore, knowledge of the properties and functions of the different kinds of words. This knowledge involves what a word looks like, when it appears, and what it does within its context. A word as a language unit having various grammatical opportunities plays an extremely great role in grammar. In fact, the word is considered to be the central (but not the only) linguistic unit (одиниця) of language. Linguistic units (or in other words – signs) can go into three types of relations:
a) The relation between a unit and an object in the world around us (objective reality). E.g. the word ‘table’ refers to a definite piece of furniture. It may be not only an object but a process, state, quality, etc.
This type of meaning is called referential meaning of a unit. It is semantics that studies the referential meaning of units.
b) The relation between a unit and other units (inner relations between units). No unit can be used independently; it serves as an element in the system of other units. This kind of meaning is called syntactic. Formal relation of units to one another is studied by syntactics (or syntax).
c) The relation between a unit and a person who uses it. As we know too well, when we are saying something, we usually have some purpose in mind. We use the language as an instrument for our purpose (e.g.). One and the same word or sentence may acquire different meanings in communication. This type of meaning is called pragmatic. The study of the relationship between linguistic units and the users of those units is done by pragmatics.
Thus there are three models of linguistic description: semantic, syntactic and pragmatic. To illustrate the difference between these different ways of linguistic analysis, let us consider the following sentence: Students are students.
The first part of the XXth century can be characterized by a formal approach to the language study. Only inner (syntactic) relations between linguistic units served the basis for linguistic analysis while the reference of words to the objective reality and language users were actually not considered. Later, semantic language analysis came into use.
However, it was surely not enough for a detailed language study. Language certainly figures centrally in our lives. We discover our identity as individuals and social beings when we acquire it during childhood. It serves as a means of cognition and communication: it enables us to think for ourselves and to cooperate with other people in our community. Therefore, the pragmatic side of the language should not be ignored either. Functional approach in language analysis deals with the language ‘in action’. Naturally, in order to get a broad description of the language, all the three approaches must be combined.
Thus, translators need knowledge of Grammar, which along with phonetic organization and lexis (vocabulary) are closely connected with each other parts of any language system. “A living language is a concrete fact –grammar is its abstract substratum” (Propp).
Grammar is the field of linguistics that covers the rules governing the use of any given natural language. It includes morphology and syntax, often complemented by phonetics, phonology, semantics, and pragmatics.
Each language has its own distinct grammar. "English grammar" is the rules of the English language itself. "An English grammar" is a specific study or analysis of these rules. A reference book describing the grammar of a language is called a "reference grammar" or simply "a grammar". A fully explicit grammar exhaustively describing the grammatical constructions of a language is called a descriptive grammar, as opposed to linguistic prescription which tries to enforce the governing rules how a language is to be used.