Introduction Role of Grammar compared with other linguistic disciplines

Auxiliary verbs (=helping) (be/ do/ have), which are used in English in the corresponding tense and tense form to express the following categorical meaning of the verb:

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  The continuous aspect (the present, the past and future continuous/ progressive (I am/ was, shall be driving. The earth is rotating).
  
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  The interrogative and negative or future tense forms (Does he speak fluent English? She didn’t know me. Will he come soon?).
  
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  The imperative mood and incentive meanings (Do it right now; Do come please!)
  
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  The perfect aspect forms of verbs (We have finished it. He will have had his dinner by then. Night has fallen).
  
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  The subjunctive form (He ordered that everybody be available. Whoever you be you have no right to offend him).
  

Close to the auxiliary by their function (and often by their lexical meaning) are English and Ukrainian modal verbs: can, could, may, might, must, have to, will, would, shall, should, ought to, dare.

Their number of modals in English is larger (allomorphism) than in Ukrainian. Modals act like auxiliary verbs. They are used to form questions, to help make the expression negative and to show emphasis, possibility, ability, obligation and condition. She may be skating. Why didn’t she say ‘hello’? She might haven’t recognized you. They would appreciate the help. The parachute should be in a small and lightweight package.
Linking verbs in both contrasted languages form a verbal, nominal, or mixed-type compound predicate. They fall into three main groups:
1) Linking verbs of being which do not always have direct equivalents in English
2) Linking verbs of becoming
3) Linking verbs of remaining (remain, keep, stay, continue, prove, appear): He remains silent/ satisfied. He kept quiet. The winter continued damp and wet. The weather kept abstinently hot and dry.
Except for seem, all verbs that used as linking can also be used as action verbs. Note the following pairs of verbs:
1. Solar heaters on roofs look strange at first (linking verb followed by adjective).
2. Scientists look for new energy sources (non-linking verb followed by direct object).
3. Taxpayers often grow angry about taxes (linking verb followed by adjective).
4. Californians grow avocados (non-linking verb followed by direct object).
Note!'>Note! One of the ways of telling if the verb in a sentence is a linking or an action is to substitute a form of seem for the verb. If the sentence still makes sense, the verb is probably a linking verb.

1. 
   That milk tastes sour. =That milk seems sour (Sentence makes sense).
   
2. 
   I taste the milk. I seem the milk (It doesn’t make sense).
   

Note! In a sentence when modifiers are used, they often separate the auxiliary from the main verb. In forming questions, the auxiliary usually precedes the subject. Auxiliary verbs always precede main verbs. Ophelia will probably enter from stage right. Must/did Greenpeace oppose chemical dumping in our waterways?