Introduction Role of Grammar compared with other linguistic disciplines

-ate (decorate, eliminate, liquidate, separate, enumerate); -fy (stupefy, exemplify; testify, clarify, justify, verify, beautify); -ize (summarize; emphasize, realize, generalize); -en (widen, blacken, enlighten, enlarge, enhance);
The most common prefixes in English that form verbs are: ex- (exclaim, explain, expand); il-/ir-/in- inactivate, illustrate, irritate, irrigate); re- (restore, reduce, retell, recollect); out- (outfit, outlook); sub- (submit, subordinate); un- (undo, unbind, uncover, unfold).

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   Classification of verbs due to their semantic and grammatical properties
   

In English, verbs have three principal forms: the infinitive, the past tense, and the past participle. The infinitive is a verb’s primary form (work, cope); it is often used with to. Owing to the historical development English action verbs split into 2 subclasses which are not available in Ukrainian: regular and irregular.
a) Regular (past simple and past participle of these verbs are formed by means of suffix –ed (-d) added to the stem of the verb: coped, worked; touched; played, topped).
b) Irregular verbs form their past simple and past participle according to some fixed traditional patterns: begin/began/begun; drink/drank/drunk; win/won/won; sit/sat/sat; lead/led/led; meet/met/met. There is no predictable pattern for these verbs.
From the syntactic standpoint verbs may be subdivided into transitive or intransitive.

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   Intransitive verbs do not normally have an object. They often refer to: 1) existence: appear, disappear, exist, live, die, happen, occur, remain, vanish; 2) the human body: ache, bleed, blush, faint, shiver, smile; 3) human noises: cough, cry, laugh, scream, sigh, snore, speak, yawn; 4) light, smell, vibration: gleam, glow, shine, sparkle, stink, throb, vibrate; 5) position, movement: arrive, come, depart, fall, flow, go, jump, kneel, pause, run, sit, sleep, stand, swim, wait, walk, work .An awful thing has happened. The girl screamed. Space shuttles fly. Do sit down. Astronauts train hard. I usually sleep well. I waited. Note that intransitive verbs cannot be used in the passive.
   
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