Introduction to Sociology

THINK IT OVER

• 
  What are some examples of cultural lag that are present in your life? Do you think technology affects culture positively or negatively? Explain.
  

TRY IT

11. 
    Social groupings are often considered in terms of their membership in a generational cohort, as we’ve seen with identifiable subcultures like “hipsters” and more explicitly with countercultures like the “Beat Generation.” To more closely examine how ideas and practices are historically transmitted between generations, Sociologist William F. Ogburn has coined the term “Culture lag” to describe
    
    1. 
       How members of a generation fail to sort themselves into either subcultures or countercultures.
       
    2. 
       How global manufacturers are too slow to increase production and meet market needs for new technologies.
       
    3. 
       How later generations might take a long time to accept the ways that a new material technology has affected culture.
       
    4. 
       How societies stop producing new technologies and become stagnant.
       

12. 
    Some jobs today advertise in multinational markets and permit telecommuting in lieu of working from a primary location. This broadening of the job market and the way that jobs are performed can be attributed to:
    
    1. 
       Globalization
       
    2. 
       Discovery
       
    3. 
       Innovation
       
    4. 
       Cultural lag
       

13. 
    The major difference between invention and discovery is:
    
    1. 
       Invention only refers to nonmaterial culture, whereas a discovery can only be theoretical, like laws of physics
       
    2. 
       Discovery involves finding something that already exists, but invention involves the creation of something new
       
    3. 
       Invention is based on technology, whereas discovery is usually based on culture
       
    4. 
       Invention is typically used to refer to internation objects, whereas discovery refers to that which is local to one’s culture
       
       
       

Check your answers at the end of this document