Introduction to Textiles What is Textile?

Properties Of Fibers:
1 . Tensile Strength: This is the breaking strength of any material,which is commonlyexpressed force per unit cross-sectional area. When a single fibre is beingconsidered , the strength of te fibre is commonly described as tanacity.which is measureof spcific stress at breaking point.
2 . Elongation: When a fibre is subjected to a force, it will stress to a certain degree.This stress is described as elongation.
3 . Elastic Properties: When a fibre is stretched by a small amount ,it may exhibit almost perfect elasticity.That is to say, it will return to its original length when it is realsed.
4 . Specific Gravity: This is a measure of the density of a fibre.it is the ratio of the mass of a materialto the mass of a material to the mass of an equal volume of water at 4 degree C.
5 . Effect Of Moisture: All fibre tend to absorb moisture when in contact with the atmosphere.The amount absorbed depends upon the relative humidity of thr air.In practice, the amount of moisture aborbing properties of afire is described by a figure known as the “Moisture regain”.
6 . Effect Of Sunlight: Almost every fibre i affected by the powerful radiation of sunlight.Some will decompose and deteriorate fairly rapidly, losing strength and changing color.
7 . Effects Of Acids: Textils are commonly subjected to acid solution of one sort or another, and the effect of different acids under varying conditions are important.
8 . Effect Of Alkalies: From the very earliest times, alkaline agents have been used for washing and scouring textiles.
9 . Resistance To Micro-Organisms: Cellulose is attacked by certain moulds and bacteria ,which decompose it and make use of the degradation products as food.
What is Yarn : 
A staple-spun yarn is a linear assembly of fibers, held together, usually by the insertion of twist, to a continuous strand, small in cross section but of any specified length; it is used for interlacing in processes such as knitting, weaving, sewing.
What is Nano-fiber:
Nanofibers are fibers with diameters in the nanometer range. It is very fine fibre and it’s count is 0.00001dtex.( tex= mass in gram/1,000m ; dtex=mass in gram/10,000m )
What is Micro-fiber:
Microfiber (or microfibre) is synthetic fiber finer than one denier or decitex/thread, having a diameter of less than ten micrometres. The count of microfiber is 1.0-0.1 dtex.
World consumption of textile fibers: