Introduction topicality

2 THE MAIN PROBLEMS OF TEACHING ENGLISH AT SCHOOL
2.1 Problems with teaching writing in English classes

This section discusses issues with teaching English language skills as well as solutions to these problems.

Today's learning process is primarily concerned with gaining practical knowledge of a foreign language. As a result, teaching writing as a means of communication is critical for schoolchildren's preparation. In light of modern communication methods, the practical significance of written speech is extremely important. E-mail, the Internet, video, and web conferences, among other things, create opportunities for communication.
The absence of intonation and directly perceived nonverbal behavior must be consistently and clearly filled with the use of figurative expressions, skillful selection of sentence types, and punctuation marks to convey thoughts and emotions in written speech. The written form of communication is distinguished by: a specific choice of speech means; greater structural complexity than in oral speech; completeness and completeness of the utterance, because there is no constant feedback from the interlocutor; and a different way to design and plan a written message, when compared to oral speech.
The difficulty of describing various facts, phenomena, events, and impressions; being able to express their opinion on a specific issue; making study notes, writing supports, and plans for oral statements (reports, abstracts) are common difficulties encountered by students in teaching writing in English [13].
The following factors contribute to difficulties in mastering writing:

• 
  difference of alphabets in native and English languages (Cyrillic - Latin);
  
• 
  discrepancy in the types of writing letters available in native and English languages;
  
• 
  inconsistency in the languages of letters and sounds;
  
• 
  in many cases, the number of sounds in a word is less than the number of letters/graphemes, such as black and schoolgirl;
  
• 
  The presence of the same letters in the native and English languages, but transmitting different sounds.
  

The primary goal of foreign language instruction in modern schools is the development of communicative competence. Communicative competence is a multifaceted concept that includes several components, one of which is communicative skills in listening, reading, and writing.
Writing is now regarded as an important aspect of speech competence. Writing aids in the stronger assimilation of lexical and grammatical material, improving reading and oral speech technique.
The following exercises for teaching controlled writing were identified after analyzing various educational and methodological complexes of the English language:

• 
  crossword puzzles;
  
• 
  riddles;
  
• 
  chain words;
  
• 
  decipher the word;
  
• 
  find the word;
  
• 
  make a sentence out of these words;
  
• 
  Arrange the text paragraphs according to the illustrations.
  

These techniques help to develop mechanisms of creativity such as fluency of thought, flexibility and originality, as well as curiosity.
Activity 1.
By using these words make sentences in Present simple.

1. 
   She/hot chocolate/drink/Sundays/on
   

_____________________________________________________.

2. 
   I/live/apartment/in/not/an
   

­­­­­_____________________________________________________.

3. 
   We/study/Spanish/not
   

_____________________________________________________.

4. 
   He/to be/an/future/want/not/doctor/a
   

_____________________________________________________.

5. 
   Do/bank/a/work/an/?
   

_____________________________________________________.
This activity can assist students in memorizing the order of the sentences, which is one of the difficulties teachers face when teaching in modern classes.
Moreover, essays are the most difficult type of written work for students to complete.
An essay is a short prose composition that conveys personal feelings and thoughts on a particular occasion or issue [14].
The goal of the essay is to practice independent creative thinking and writing your own thoughts. The essay teaches students to express them clearly and competently, to analyze and structure information, to identify cause-and-effect relationships, to illustrate concepts with examples, and to argue their conclusions.
During the essay preparation stage, students explain the rules for writing this type of written work.
Essays are graded based on five criteria: content, text organization, vocabulary, grammar, spelling, and punctuation. Particular emphasis is placed on the fact that the number of essays and other types of written works is strictly limited. This teaches you how to express yourself clearly and prepares you for exams such as IELTS, where the number of words in the required written work is strictly limited.
The following stage entails engaging in various types of creative training exercises, such as:
1) Brainstorming - the exercise is usually done in groups and consists of four steps: setting a task, putting forward an idea, discussing an idea, and making a decision.
2) Speech circuit (mind-map) is used during the planning stage of an essay, it aids in the formation of associative connections. At the same time, exercises for memorizing speech formulas and clichés are provided.
In conclusion, the essay samples are then examined, their structure is determined and individual phrases, supporting thoughts, and keywords are highlighted.
Students analyze essay texts, as well as the methods for presenting ideas and transitioning from one thought to the next. Only after completing all of the preparatory exercises is the task of writing an essay on a specific topic assigned [15].