Investigating physiological and biochemical
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Muhammad Abdul Qayyum UAF 2015 Soil Env Sciences
2.4. Oil seed Crops
Pakistan, having tremendously an agrarian economy, is facing acute shortage of edible oil production. The domestic production of edible oils only meets about 24 percent of total demand while rest of the requirement is fulfilled through import. The import during the year 2009-10 of Soybean & Palm Oil was $1,979 million that rose to $2,426 million in 2011-12, showing an average increase of 7% per annum (GOP, 2012). Edible oil is a genuine need and cannot be considered as luxury and thus its demand is inelastic and increasing with time. Lack of policy making for oilseed crops in addition to the technological deficiency and lack of awareness of famers are among the main reasons of this acute shortage of edible oil. The cotton seed crop has major contribution in edible oil production. Its share in domestic oil production is 51 percent. Sunflower ranks second with a contribution of 32 percent while rest of the crops (canola, rapeseed and mustard) provide 17 percent of edible oil (GOP, 2008). These few crops are the sole source of edible oil production in the country and oil production is severely affected when yield of these crops is reduced due to any reason. Domestic need for edible oil is increasing every year due to increased population and Pakistan has to spend a huge amount of money (Rs. 45 billion per year) to import edible oil (Ali et al., 2009). To boost the domestic oilseed production, some efforts has been made but, so far, these efforts have been proved fruitless to fill the vast gap between demand and supply of edible oil. The demand of edible oil, as well as the search for alternative crops by growers, may result in the use of salt-affected and marginal soils for the production of alternate oilseed crops (Francois, 1994; Tanveer-ul-Haq et al., 2002). Camelina (Camelina 51 sativa) with a low fertility requirement and a short growing season may have potential for biodiesel production (Gugel and Falk, 2006). Field pennycress (Thlaspi arvense) has high contents of erucic and linoleic acids, and grows wild in Northern states and Canada (Moser, 2009). Lesquerella (Lesquerella fendleri) is a potential moderately salt tolerant crop to produce engine lubricants (Adam et al., 2007), and unlike castor (Ricinus communis), it does not contain toxic substances (Grieve et al., 1997; Miyamoto et al., 2012). Salicornia is among the few halophytes which can be grown with highly saline or sea water (Glenn et al., 1999; Grattan, et al., 2008). To meet the edible oil demands of the country, it is the need of the day to bring marginal lands under oil seed crops by screening and breeding the salt tolerant oil seed crops which are better able to grow on salt-affected soils (Tanveer-ul-Haq et al., 2002). Download 1.66 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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