Involuntary Resettlement Assessment and Measures

 
 
Involuntary Resettlement Assessment and Measures
The land acquisition and resettlement plan is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein 
do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be 
preliminary in nature. 
 
 
 
 
 
Resettlement Plan  
Document Stage: Draft  
Project Number: 
 
September 2010 
 
 
Tajikistan: CAREC Corridor 3 (Dushanbe-
Uzbekistan Border) Improvement Project  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Prepared by the Ministry of Transport and Communications, Republic of Tajikistan 
 

 
 
 
i
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
 
ITEM 
Page No. 
Abbreviations and Acronyms 
vi
 
Executive Summary 
ix
 
1.0    INTRODUCTION 
1
 
1.1
 
General 
1
 
1.2
 
Requirements for LARP Finalization 
1
 
1.3
 
LARP-related Project Implementation Conditions 
2
 
1.4
 
Project Road Description 
2
 
1.5
 
LARP Objectives 
4
 
2.0
 
BASELINE INFORMATION ON LAND ACQUISTION AND RESETTLEMENT 
5
 
2.1
 
General 
5
 
2.2
 
Impacts 
5
 
2.2.1
 
Impact on Cultivated Land 
5
 
2.2.2
 
Impact on Residential and Commercial Land 
5
 
2.2.3
 
Impact on Land for Community and District Government Structures 
5
 
2.2.4
 
Property Status of Affected Land 
6
 
2.2.5
 
Impacts on Structures and Buildings 
6
 
2.2.6
 
Impacts on Annual Crops 
7
 
2.2.7
 
Impacts on Perennial Crops 
8
 
2.2.8
 
Business Impacts 
8
 
2.2.9
 
Employment Impacts 
9
 
2.3
 
Resettlement Strategy and Relocation needs 
9
 
2.4
 
Census of Displaced Households/Persons Census 
10
 
2.4.1
 
Total Displaced Households/Persons 
10
 
2.4.2
 
Severity of Impacts 
10
 
2.5
 
Impact on Vulnerable Households 
     10
 
2.5.1
 
Ethnic Composition of AHs 
11
 
2.5.2
 
Gender 
11
 
2.5.3
 
Types of Household 
11
 
3.0
 
SOCIO ECONOMIC PROFILE OF THE PROJECT AREA 
12
 
3.1
 
General 
12
 
3.2
 
Socio Economic Details 
12
 
3.2.1
 
Major Economic Activities 
12
 
3.2.2
 
Gender 
12
 
3.2.3
 
Landholding Status 
13
 
3.2.4
 
Types of Landholding 
13
 
3.2.5
 
Major Cropping Pattern 
13
 
3.2.6
 
Average Annual Income 
13
 
3.2.7
 
Poverty 
14
 
3.2.8
 
Average Annual Expenditure 
14
 
3.2.9
 
Possession of Durable Goods 
15
 
3.2.10
 
Indebtedness 15
 
3.2.11
 
Access to Schemes/Benefits 
16
 

 
 
 
ii
3.2.12
 
Access to Health Centres 
16
 
3.2.13
 
Migration Pattern 
17
 
3.2.14
 
Place of Migration 
17
 
3.2.15
 
Occupations of Migrant Workers 
17
 
3.2.16
 
Trends in Migration 
17
 
3.2.17
 
Season of Migration 
18
 
3.2.18
 
Education and Literacy 
18
 
3.2.19
 
Source of Drinking Water 
18
 
3.2.20
 
Sanitation Facilities 
19
 
3.2.21
 
Usage Pattern of Fuel for Cooking 
19
 
3.2.22
 
Status on Electrification 
19
 
3.2.23
 
Interior Details of Structure 
20
 
3.3
 
Socio-economic data relevant to Women 
20
 
3.4
 
Impact on Indigenous Peoples and Other Social Issues 
21
 
4.0
 
RESETTLEMENT POLICY, LEGAL FRAMEWORK AND ENTITLEMENT 
22
 
4.1
 
General 
22
 
4.2
 
Policy and Legal Framework for Land Acquisition and Resettlement 
22
 
4.3
 
Tajikistan Constitution, law/regulation on land acquisition, resettlement and 
compensation 22
 
4.4
 
ADB Involuntary Resettlement Safeguards 
24
 
4.5
 
Policy Differences and Reconciliation 
27
 
4.6
 
Principles Adopted for the Project 
28
 
4.6.1
 
Types of Land Ownership and Land Use Rights Allocation 
28
 
4.6.2
 
Eligibility 
29
 
4.6.3
 
Compensation Entitlements 
29
 
4.7
 
Approaches and Methodologies for Land Compensation 
32
 
4.7.1
 
Replacement of Affected land with Alternative land 
32
 
4.7.2
 
Cash Compensation 
32
 
4.7.3
 
Agricultural Land 
32
 
4.7.4
 
Residential/Commercial Land 
33
 
5.0
 
INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS 
34
 
5.1
 
General 
34
 
5.2
 
Ministry of Transport and Communication (MOTC) 
34
 
5.3
 
Agency for Land Management, Geodesy and Cartography (ALMGC) 
34
 
5.4
 
MBTI under the State Unitary Enterprise Housing and Communal Services 
35
 
5.5
 
The Local Executive State Power in Districts (Hukumats) 
35
 
5.6
 
Consultants 
36
 
5.7
 
Other Government Organizations 
37
 
6.0
 
GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM 
38
 
6.1
 
General 
38
 
6.2
 
Steps for Grievance Redress 
38
 
6.3
 
Grievance Redress Commitee (GRC) Formation 
38
 
 
7.0
 
PUBLIC CONSULTATON, INFORMATION DISSEMINATION AND DISCLOSURE 
40
 
7.1     General 
40
 
7.2     Objective of the Consultation 
40
 

 
 
 
iii
7.3     Methods of Public Consultation 
41
 
7.4     Individual Consultation 
41
 
7.5     Community Consultation 
42
 
7.6     Consultation with NGO 
42
 
7.7     Consultation with Government Officials 
42
 
7.8     Continuation of Public Consultations 
43
 
7.9     Disclosure 
43
 
8.0
 
LARP PREPARATION, IMPLEMENTATION AND CAPACITY BUILDING 
45
 
8.1
 
General 
45
 
8.2
 
LARP Implementation Phase 
45
 
8.3
 
Monitoring and Evaluation Period 
48
 
8.4
 
LARP Implementation Schedule 
48
 
8.5
 
Key Actions 
48
 
8.6
 
Capacity Building 
49
 
9.0
 
RESETTLEMENT BUDGET AND FINANCING 
52
 
9.1
 
General 
52
 
9.2
 
Sources of Financing 
52
 
9.3
 
Compensation 52
 
9.3.1
 
Allowance for loss of agricultural land use rights 
52
 
9.3.2
 
Replacement Plot Preparation and Rehabilitation Allowance for loss of 
Residential/Commercial Land use rights 
53
 
9.3.3
 
Compensation for structures and improvements 
54
 
9.3.4
 
Compensation for Annual Crops 
55
 
9.3.5
 
Compensation for Perennial Crops 
56
 
9.3.6
 
Compensation for Business Losses 
56
 
9.4
 
Allowances 
57
 
9.4.1
 
Severe Impact Allowances 
57
 
9.4.2
 
Allowances for Vulnerable DPs 
57
 
9.4.3
 
Resettlement Allowances 
57
 
9.5
 
Support for LARP Implementation 
58
 
9.5.1
 
Resettlement Specialists 
58
 
9.5.2
 
Independent Monitor 
58
 
9.6
 
Summary of Costs 
58
 
10.0
 
MONITORING AND EVALUATION 
61
 
10.1
 
Introduction 
61
 
10.2
 
Internal Monitoring 
61
 
10.3
 
External Monitoring 
62
 
 
 

 
 
 
iv
LIST OF TABLES 
Table A-1: Land Acquisition and Resettlement Impacts Summary 
ix
 
Table A-2: Compensation Entitlements Matrix 
xi
 
Table-1.1: Summary Details of Project Road Sections 
3
 
Table 2.1: Affected Agricultural Land by Cultivation Type 
5
 
Table 2.2: Affected Areas of Residential and Commercial Land 
5
 
Table 2.3: Affected agricultural land areas by ownership type and section 
6
 
Table 2.4: Affected Buildings, Shops, Sheds and Outbuildings 
7
 
Table 2.5: Walls and Fences Affected 
7
 
Table 2.6: Miscellaneous Items Affected 
7
 
Table 2.7: Crops impacts by crop type and area and section 
7
 
Table 2.8: Fruit Trees impacts 
8
 
Table 2.9: Impact on Business 
9
 
Table 2.10: Displaced Households and Persons by Category and Impact 
10
 
Table 2.11: Severity of Impacts 
10
 
Table 2.12: Number of Vulnerable Households 
11
 
Table 3.1: Major Economic Activities of the Household 
12
 
Table 3.2: Male versus women-headed households heads 
12
 
Table 3.3: Landholding Status 
13
 
Table 3.4: Type of Landholding 
13
 
Table 3.5: Major Cropping Pattern 
13
 
Table 3.6: Average Annual Income 
14
 
Table 3.7: Average Annual Expenditure 
15
 
Table 3.8: Possession of Durable Goods 
15
 
Table 3.9: Status of Indebtedness 
16
 
Table 3.10: Availability of Scheme Benefit 
16
 
Table 3.11: Access to Health Center 
16
 
Table 3.12: Distance of the Health Center 
16
 
Table 3.13: Illness during the Past Year 
16
 
Table 3.14: Migration Pattern 
17
 
Table 3.15: Place of Migration 
17
 
Table 3.16: Types of Jobs 
17
 
Table 3.17: Trends of Migration 
18
 
Table 3.18: Season of Migration 
18
 
Table 3.19: Literacy Status 
18
 
Table 3.20: Source of Drinking Water 
19
 
Table 3.21: Types of Toilet 
19
 
Table 3.22: Type of Fuel Use for cooking 
19
 
Table 3.23: Connected to Central Power Supply 
19
 
Table 3.24: Interior Details of Structures 
20
 
Table 3.25: Type of Activities for Women 
20
 
Table 3.26: Women’s Say in Decision Making 
20
 
Table 3.27: Women’s Participation on Different Types of Issue 
21
 
Table 4.1: Comparison of ADB Resettlement Safeguards with Tajikistan Land Code 
27
 
Table 4.2: Compensation Entitlements Matrix 
31
 
Table 8.1: Steps for LAR Activities 
45
 
Table 8.2: Key Tasks for LARP development 
48
 
Table 8.3  Implementation schedule 
50
 

 
 
 
v
Table 9.1: Allowance for loss of agricultural land use rights 
52
 
Table 9.2
  
Allowances for loss of Residential/commercial land use rights 
54
 
Table 9.3: Houses, Shops, Sheds and Outbuildings 
55
 
Table 9.4: Walls and Fences 
55
 
Table 9.5  Annual Crop Losses Compensation 
55
 
Table 9.6
  
Fruit trees Compensation 
56
 
Table 9.7: Types of Business and Compensation 
57
 
Table 9.8: Severe Impact Allowances 
57
 
Table 9.9: Allowances for Vulnerable Households 
57
 
Table 9.10: Allowances for Resettling Households 
58
 
Table 9.11: LARP Budget 
59
 
Table 10.1: Monitoring Indicators 
62
 
Table-A1.1: Summary Details of Various Sections 
64
 
Table A1-2: Principal Quantities of Impacts 
65
 
Table A1-3: Compensation Entitlements Matrix 
66
 
Table A1-4: Basis of Compensation Rate Determination 
67
 
Table A-2: Methods Employed for Consultations 
68
 
 
LIST OF FIGURES 
Figure 1: Project Location Map 
4
 
Figure 5: Institutional Arrangements 
37
 
Figure 6: Grievance Redress Mechanism 
39
 
 
LIST OF APPENDICES 
APPENDIX 1: 
 
INFORMATION PAMPHLET 
64
 
APPENDIX 2 
 
SUMMARY OF CONSULTATIONS 
68
 
APPENDIX 3:
 
DRAFT TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR RESETTLEMENT SPECIALIST 
UNDER PROJECT SUPERVISION CONSULTANTS 
80
 
APPENDIX 4:
 
DRAFT TOR FOR INDEPENDENT MONITOR (IM) 
81
 
APPENDIX 5:
 
LIST OF AFFECTED HOUSEHOLDS 
84
 
APPENDIX 6: 
 
DATA PROVIDED BY THE DISTRICT ADMINISTRATIONS 
118
 
APPENDIX 7:
 
PUBLIC ADVERTISEMENTS OF ASSET SURVEY CUTOFF DATE. 
151
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
vi
Abbreviations and Acronyms 
 
AF affected 
family 
AH affected 
household 
ADB 
Asian Development Bank 
AIDS 
acquired immune deficiency syndrome 
ALMGC 
Agency for Land Management, Geodesy and Cartography 
CAREC 
Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation 
CC 
Civil Code of the Republic of Tajikistan 
DP displaced 
person 
DF Dekhan 
Farm 
DMS 
detailed measurement survey 
EA executing 
agency 
FGD 
focused group discussions 
Ha Hectare 
HH Household 
ID identity 
cards 
IM independent 
monitor 
Kg Kilogram 
LAR 
land acquisition and resettlement 
LARP 
land acquisition and resettlement plan 
LC 
Land Code of the Republic of Tajikistan  
LS lump 
sump 
M&E 
monitoring and evaluation 
MBTI 
Mezhraion (inter-district) bureau of technical inventory 
MOTC 
Ministry of Transport and Communication 
NGO 
non government organization 
PIU 
project implementation unit 
PLU 
primary land users 
PPTA 
project preparatory Ttchnical assistance 
PSA 
poverty and social assessment 
RoW 
right of way 
Sl serial 
number 
SLU 
secondary land user 
TJS 
Tajikistan somoni (currency) 
ToR 
Terms of reference 
 

 
 
 
vii
 Definition of Terms 
Compensation 
means payment in cash or kind for an asset to be acquired or 
affected by a project at replacement cost at current market value.  
 
Cut-off-date 
means the date after which people will NOT be considered eligible 
for compensation, i.e. they are not included in the list of DPs as 
defined by the census.   
 
Dekhan Farm 
means farms, usually midsized, that are legally and physically 
distinct from household plots, for which full user rights but not 
ownership is allocated to either individuals or groups. Regulations 
concerning Dekhan farms in Tajikistan are laid out in the Law No. 
48 on Dekhan Farms, dating from 2002.  
 
Detailed measurement  
survey 
means the detailed inventory of losses that is completed after 
detailed design and marking of project boundaries on the ground. 
 
Displaced persons (DPs) 
means all the people  affected by the project through land 
acquisition, relocation, or loss of incomes and includes any 
person, household (sometimes referred to as project affected 
family), firm, or public or private institution.  DPs therefore include; 
i) persons affected directly by the road corridor, right-of-way, tower 
or pole foundations or construction work area; (ii) persons whose 
agricultural land or other productive assets such as trees or crops 
are affected; (iii) persons whose businesses are affected and who 
might experience loss of income due to the project impact; (iv) 
persons who lose work/employment as a result of project impact; 
and (v) people who lose access to community resources/property 
as a result of the project. 
 
Encroachers 
mean those people who move into the project area after the cut-
off date and are therefore not eligible for compensation or other 
rehabilitation measures provided by the project.  
 
Entitlement 
means the range of measures comprising cash or kind 
compensation, relocation cost, income rehabilitation assistance, 
transfer assistance, income substitution/business restoration, 
which are due to DPs, depending on the type, extent and nature of 
their losses, and which suffice to restore their social and economic 
base. 
 
Hukumat 
This is the District administration 
 
Inventory of losses 
means the pre-appraisal inventory of assets as a preliminary 
record of assets to be affected or lost as a result of the project 
 
Jamoat 
This is the Sub-district administration under each District 

 
 
 
viii
Land acquisition 
means the process whereby a person is compelled by a public 
agency to alienate all or part of the land s/he owns or possesses, 
to the ownership and possession of that agency, for public 
purposes, in return for fair compensation. 
 
Non-titled 
means those who have no recognizable rights or claims to the 
land that they are occupying and includes people using private or 
state land without permission, permit or grant, i.e. those people 
without legal title to land and/or structures occupied or used by 
them. ADB’s safeguards explicitly states that such people cannot 
be denied compensation. 
 
Oblast
 
This refers to a Region in Tajikistan 
 
Poor 
means households falling below the monthly income of TJS 1020/- 
(per household per month)
1
. 
 
Presidential Land 
means land for which use rights have been allocated by 
Presidential Decree but ownership remains with the state. 
 
Replacement cost 
means the method of valuing assets to replace the loss at current 
market value, or its nearest equivalent, and is the amount of cash 
or equivalent in kind needed to replace an asset in its existing 
condition, without deduction of transaction costs or for any 
material salvaged.   
 
Reserve Fund Land 
means land owned by the state and controlled by the district 
administration that may be rented, mainly for agricultural use. 
 
Sharecropper 
means the same as tenant cultivator or tenant farmer, and is a 
person who cultivates land they do not own for an agreed 
proportion of the crop or harvest. 
 
Significant impact 
means 200 people or more will experience major impacts, which 
are defined as; (i) being physically displaced from housing, or (ii) 
losing ten per cent or more of their productive assets (income 
generating). 
 
Vulnerable 
means any people who might suffer disproportionately or face the 
risk of being marginalized from the effects of resettlement and 
includes; (i) female-headed households with dependents; (ii) 
disabled household heads; (iii) poor households (within the 
meaning given previously); (iv) landless; (v) elderly households 
with no means of support; (vi) households without security of 
tenure; (vii) ethnic minorities; and (viii) marginal farmers (with 
landholding of five acres or less).   
 
                                                            
1
 
A poverty line of TJS 181 per month is used. This is derived from the poverty line of US$41 / month provided by the 
World Bank Country Brief for Tajikistan 2009 and an exchange rate of 4.41 TJS/US$.
 

 
 
 
ix
Executive Summary 
 
This Land Acquisition and Resettlement Plan (LARP) was prepared for the Dushanbe–Tursunzade–
Uzbekistan border road section by the Ministry of Transport and Communications (MOTC) as part of 
the feasibility study under the Technical Assistance
2
 (TA) of Asian Development Bank (ADB).  
 
A Working Group for land acquisition and resettlement planning, headed by the First Deputy 
Minister, MOTC, was established in March 2009 to guide LARP preparation and address 
compensation policy issues. The Working Group has representation from key Government agencies 
and the Hukumats of Rudaki, Gissar, Shakhrinav and Tursunzade. Representatives from the 
Hukumats took part in a survey of displaced persons (DPs) and their assets between October and 
December 2009, and issued notices of cut-off dates relating to registration of affected assets, in 
November 2009.  
 
The LARP is based on assessed impacts on land and property. Compensation rates and quantities 
incorporate a factor of safety to ensure that adequate provision will enable DPs to achieve equal or 
better incomes and living standards after the project.  
 
The project will have a wide range of impacts on land, assets, business and income. A summary is 
in Table A-1.  
 
Table A-1: Land Acquisition and Resettlement Impacts Summary 
Quantity 
Impacts 
Section 2
Section 3 
Section 4 
Section 5 
Total  
 Affected Households: Agricultural Land (No.) 
29
87
26 5 
147
Affected Households: Res./Comm. Land (No.) 
87
77
65 
0 
229
Agricultural land  (m
2
) 
9,400
128,450
42,100 6,570 
186,520
 Residential/Commercial  land  (m
2
) 16,294
11,656
12,046 
0 
39,996
Land for Community Facilities/structures (m
2
) 451
383
0  0 
833
Houses & Outbuildings (No.) 
45
102
136 
5 
283
Length of Fences and Walls (m) 
2,346
2,157
1,823 195 
6,521
Structures affected  (m
2
) 4396
3,896
3,246 
71 
11,609
Number of Business Lost (No.) 
12
11
13 
0 
36
Severely Affected Households (No.) 
18
31
7 
0 
56
Number of Households  to be relocated (No.) 
2
2
2 
- 
6
Number of Businesses to be relocated (No.) 
4
2
3 
 
9
Vulnerable Households (No.) 
87
79
60 
2 
228
Total affected households (No.) 
116
164
91 5 
376
Total  Affected Persons (No.) 
1,028
1,319
705 43 
3,095
              Descriptions of road sections are illustrated in Table 1.1 
 
Principles. The policy framework for the project is based on the National Laws and Legislation 
of Republic of Tajikistan, the ADB Safeguards Policy Statement (2009), and Operations Manual 
F1 Safeguard Policy Statement (2010). The core involuntary resettlement principles for the 
project are: (i) land acquisition, and other involuntary resettlement impacts will be avoided or 
minimized by exploring viable alternatives; (ii) where unavoidable, time-bound resettlement 
plans will be prepared and DPs will be assisted in improving or at least regaining their pre-
project standard of living; (iii) consultation with DPs on compensation, disclosure of resettlement 
                                                            
2
 ADB. TA 7080–TAJ. Preparing the CAREC Transport Corridor III (Dushanbe–Uzbekistan border) Project 

 
 
 
x
information to DPs, and participation of DPs in planning and implementing sub-projects will be 
ensured; (iv) vulnerable groups will be provided special assistance;
3
 (v) provision of 
rehabilitation allowance  to DPs losing land use rights and compensation at replacement rates 
for all acquired assets including non-title holders (e.g., informal dwellers/squatters, and 
encroachers); (vi) payment of compensation and resettlement assistance will be done prior to 
the contractor taking physical acquisition of the land and prior to the commencement of any 
construction activities; (vii) provision of income restoration and rehabilitation; and (viii) 
establishment of appropriate grievance redress mechanisms. 
 
Displaced Persons and Entitlement. DPs entitled for compensation or at least rehabilitation 
provisions under the project are (i) DPs with legal titles or traditional land rights who lose land 
and other assets; (ii) any tenants; (iii) owners of buildings, crops, plants, or other objects 
attached to the land; and (iv) DPs losing business, income, and salaries. Compensation 
eligibility is subject to approval of the LARP by the Government. The details of entitlement and 
compensation packages are given in the Entitlement Matrix. (see Table A1-3) 
 
Executing Agency (EA). MOTC will be the EA with the lead responsibility for civil works, and 
LARP implementation. The Agency on Land Management, Geography and Cartography is 
responsible for allocation and registration of new land plots to replace the one withdrawn due to 
the project, the Ministry of Justice will be responsible for registration of any changes in rights to 
affected immovable properties, and the Mezhraion (Inter-district) Bureau of Technical Inventory 
(MBTI) will similarly register any changes on rights to immovable property, and to its physical 
condition. These agencies according to legislation shall also comprise an ad-hoc committee led 
by the representatives of each district to define form and size of compensation to the DPs. 
 
Grievance Mechanism. The DPs will have the right to file complaints and/or queries on any 
aspect of land acquisition compensation, and resettlement. To ensure that grievances are 
properly addressed, a grievance redress mechanism has been created. First, complaints can be 
lodged at the MOTC district offices/field level where resolution will be attempted with the 
involvement of Hukumat and Jamoat officers as the representatives of the AHs. A grievance can 
be lodged to the Resettlement Working Group Committee at the PIU if it remains unsettled after 
30 days. Again, the DP representatives will have the opportunity to mediate between the DPs 
and MOTC. If no solution is reached within 14 days, the DPs can further submit its case to the 
appropriate court of law. (see 6.0 Grievance Redress Mechanism, pg 35) 
 
Public Consultation. Consultation events were arranged at various stages of project 
preparation, namely a screening survey, land census survey, socio-economic survey and 
targeted consultation meetings with DPs and local stakeholder organizations, government 
officials and individuals. Most of the people were concerned about their livelihood especially 
those with shops along the road. It was explained the loss of livelihood will be very minimal. 
Owners of affected structures expect to receive adequate  compensation to build the similar 
type of structure elsewhere. They also asked to be notified in advance for shifting and building 
new structures. MOTC representatives assured the DPs that those losing structures and 
businesses will be compensated.Advance notification will also be provided.to DPs to give them 
enough lead time to rebuild their structures.  
 
                                                            
3
   Vulnerable groups include poor households and households headed by women. 

 
 
 
xi
To ensure transparency in planning and allow for further active involvement of DPs and other 
stakeholders, the project information will be disseminated through disclosure of resettlement 
planning documents distributed to each DP. A copy of the full LARP will be available for public 
inspection (in Russian and Tajik languages), held at the PIU, and disclosed on the ADB’s 
website, and the MOTC website.
 
 
LARP implementation will be integral to overall project implementation. All activities related to 
LAR must be planned to ensure that compensation is paid prior to displacement and 
commencement of civil works. The LARP costs for the project includes eligible compensation 
and resettlement assistance and related supplementary costs to ensure successful 
implementation. The cost cited at this stage is an indicative assessment of various losses. The 
unit cost for land and other assets and particulars in this budget have been derived through 
rapid field appraisal, consultation with affected families, relevant local authorities and with 
reference to former practices. In consideration of the need for full census information and 
finalization of rates, a contingency provision (20% of the total LARP cost) has been allowed to 
absorb variations from this estimate. 
 
Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E). This is essential for time- and cost-efficient implementation 
of the LARP. LAR tasks under the project will be subjected to both internal and external 
monitoring. Internal monitoring will be conducted by the PIU under MOTC. External monitoring 
will be assigned to an Independent Monitor (IM) to be selected by ADB. 
 
Table A-2: Compensation Entitlements Matrix 
ASSET 
DISPLACED PERSONS 
PROPOSED ENTITLEMENTS 
Individual land-use rights 
holder 
An allowance for loss of land use rights in cash equal to 5 years 
of the gross income of the affected annual crops land at market 
rate or to 1 year of gross income of affected fruit trees land at 
market rates.  
Agricultural Land: 
All losses 
irrespective of 
impact severity 
Cooperative land holder 
An allowance for loss of land use rights in cash equal to 5 years 
of the gross income of the affected land at market rate 
Residential/ 
Commercial Land 
Residential rights holder 
Provision of alternative land or provision of cash allowance for 
loss of land use rights equivalent to land lease rates multiplied 
by 25 years. 
Houses and 
Structures  
All relevant DPs.   
•
  Cash compensation at replacement rate for affected 
structure/other fixed assets free of salvageable materials and 
transaction costs. All buildings will be compensated in their 
entirety  
House/building 
rent 
Renter/leaseholder 
Rental allowance in the form of 1 to 3 months rent in cash 
Income from 
Crops 
All DPs  
•
 Crop compensation in cash equal to 1 year of the gross income of 
affected land at market rate. This shall apply whether the land is 
fallow, or under cultivation. 
Income from trees 
All DPs  
•
 Cash compensation for wood trees based on volume of wood 
•
 Cash compensation for productive trees based on the net 
annual harvest from the tree(s) for the number of years taken 
for replacement tree(s) to reach comparable production 
Business or 
Employment loss; 
temporary or 
permanent  
All DPs  
(including informal settlers) 
•
 Business Owner: Cash compensation for lost income up to 1 year’ 
(if income is permanent) or cash compensation for the period of 
business interruption (if the loss is temporary). The compensation 
iis assessed at actual income as per tax declaration or if taxes have 
not been paid at the maximum non-taxable income.  
•
 Permanent worker/employers: Indemnity for lost wages for 

 
 
 
xii
ASSET 
DISPLACED PERSONS 
PROPOSED ENTITLEMENTS 
business stoppage of up to 1 year 
Allowance for severe 
impacts (More that 
10% of income loss) 
All severely DPs  
•
 Agricultural income: One severe impact allowance equal to the net 
market value  of the harvest from the affected land for 1 year 
(inclusive of winter and summer crop) and in addition to the 
standard crop compensation . 
Relocation 
allowance  
All relocated DPs  
Provision of sufficient allowance to cover transport expenses and 
basic livelihood expenses for the transitional period 
Communal/ Public 
assets  
 
Rehabilitation/substitution in kind or cash at replacement cost of 
affected items and rehabilitation of their functions 
Vulnerable  DPs  
DPs below poverty line and 
households headed by 
women. 
•
  Employment priority in project-related jobs  
•
  Cash contribution equal to 2 months’ official  minimum salary. 

 
 
 
1
 
1.0    INTRODUCTION 
1.1 General 
 
1. 
This Land Acquisition and Resettlement Plan (LARP) has been prepared as part of the 
feasibility study for the CAREC Corridor 3 (Dushanbe–Uzbekistan border) Improvement Project 
(the project) by the Ministry of Transport and Communications (MOTC) of Tajikistan, the project 
Executing Agency (EA). The LARP identifies the Project's impacts and displaced households 
and people and assesses the needed compensation budgets based on the requirements of 
Tajikistan law and the ADB requrements on Involuntary Resettlement as embedded in the 
ADB's Safeguards Policy Statement (2009).  
2. 
A Working Group for land acquisition and resettlement planning was established by 
MOTC, in March 2009 to establish an appropriate methodology to determine fair compensation 
for the loss of assets. The Working Group is headed by the first deputy Minister, MOTC and 
includes representation from the National Management, Geodesy and Mapping Agency, the 
State Unitary Enterprise “Research and Planning–Surveying Institute; and representatives of the 
Hukumats of Rudaki, Gissar, Shakhrinav and Tursunzade rayons.  
3. 
Representatives from the Hukumats took part in a survey of displaced persons and their 
assets between October and December 2009 and issued noticies of cut-off dates relating to 
registration of affected assets, in November 2009. Copies of these are included in Appendix 7. 
The Hukumats have listed affected structures, detailing type of structure, materials, and affected 
area. 
4. 
The LARP has been translated into Russian. A leaflet/pamphlet containing a brief 
description, eligibility criteria, the entitlement matrix and implementation schedule will be 
distributed to all AHs and DPs through the representatives of the PIU. (Appendix 1) The LARP 
is to be finalized and approved by the Government and ADB prior to the project implementation. 
1.2 
Requirements for LARP Finalization 
5. 
 This draft is based on an advanced feasibility design and on impacts data provided by an 
impacts survey carried out between October and December 2009. The project will be 
implemented through a ‘design-and-build’ contract. The selected consultants shall assist the 
PIU in the finalization of the LARP during the design phase of the contract. As a condition to 
start the civil works phase of the ‘design-and-build’ contract, the LARP will have to be updated 
based on final design and following a full verification survey covering all impacts and a 
verification of all compensation rates. In the case of replacement plots for households and 
shops that do not have sufficient land to rebuild their structures, the final LARP will include an 
action plan that will provide details on the (i) schedule of relocation and construction of new 
houses/shops, (ii) location, size, condition, and development requirements of each replacement 
plot, (iii) budget which includes registration and development of the replacement plots, based on 
comprehensive and satisfactory consultations to all DPs on methodology and rates employed by 
the project. The verification surveys and updated valuation will be carried by the District 
Commissions formed for Rudaki, Gissar, Shakhrinav and Tursunzade for the project with 
assistance from an international and local resettlement experts. 

 
 
 
2 
6. 
In the absence of land market in Tajikistan, the Working Group has agreed to use on an 
interim basis for providing rehabilitation allowance for people who lose use-rights to marginal 
portions of residential and commercial land the existing land lease rate in the project area 
equivalent to approximately $1,000 per hectare of agricultural land multiplied by 25 years, or a 
unit cost of $2.5 per m
2
.
4
 This rehabilitation allowance amount will be presented to DPs in a 
wider consultation to determine acceptability of the average price, as well as other aspects of 
the Land Acquisition and Resettlement Plan. A separate Working Group on Structural Land 
Reform is currently working on the revision of the Land Code what will recognize ownership of 
land use rights and the transfer/sale of land use rights and provide the basis for land valuation in 
the country. MOTC will continue to coordinate with such Working Group to enable the project to 
adjust the rehabilitation allowance amount for loss of land use rights in case revisions to the 
Land Code would provide a more appropriate methodology for establishing valuation rates for 
affected residential/commercial lands. Revisions in the final prices will be reflected in the final 
LARP as a condition to contracts awards.  
1.3 
LARP-related Project Implementation Conditions 
7. 
Based on ADB Safeguards requirements and practice, project processing and 
implementation will be subject to the following conditionalities: 
•
 
Commencement of Civil Works: Conditional to the satisfactory implementation of 
the final LARP to be vouched for by a compliance report prepared by the IM.  
 
1.4 
Project Road Description
 
8. 
The Dushanbe–Tursunzade–Uzbekistan border road traverses the districts, or rayons of 
Rudaki, Gissar, Shakhrinav, and Tursunzade in this order as the road moves west from 
Dushanbe down the Gissar valley. The total length of the road is 61.5 kilometers (km). The road 
heads west, south-west from Dushanbe to the Uzbekistan border in eastern Uzbekistan. It is the 
main route for road traffic and transported goods to Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan from 
Dushanbe and the southern regions of Tajikistan including agricultural produce from the Gissar 
valley. It is the vital trade route for most Tajik imports and exports to and from the port of Bandar 
Abbas in Iran.  
 
9. 
Consideration of the mid-point traffic volumes, levels of service and the environment 
through which the road passes lends to dividing the road into five sections/packages for design 
and implementation purposes. These road sections are (1) Avicenna Monument to West Gate, 
(2) West Gate to Gissar Junction, (3) Gissar Junction to Shakhrinav roundabout, (4) Shakhrinav 
roundabout to Tursunzade Junction and (5) Tursunzade Junction to the Uzbekistan Border. The 
summary details of various road sections are described in Table-1.1. Project location map is 
shown in Figure 1.1 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                            
4
      Current legislation in Tajikistan does not recognize private ownership of land and prohibits the sale of 
land.  However, lease of agricultural lands and sale/rental of buildings and structures is allowed. When a 
structure/building is sold, the land use right to the residential/commercial land where the structure is 
situated is transferred to the buyer.        

 
 
 
3
Table-1.1: Summary Details of Project Road Sections