Other Conversions
Conversions involving other parts of speech besides verbs and nouns are less common but follow the same concept.
Adjectives can become nouns:
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Green (adjective) – a color
Green (noun) – a space of grass near the hole in golf
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Adverbs can become nouns:
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Up (adverb) – direction or position
Up (noun) – an upward trend in outlook or luck (e.g., “The ups and downs of life”)
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Conversion - Key takeaways
Conversion is a type of word formation process in which a word is assigned to a new word class or part of speech without any change in form.
Conversion does not produce the same result as homophones.
Conversion typically involves verbs and nouns but might also involve other parts of speech.
The meaning of the word is essentially preserved through conversion.
The conversion process in English is more commonplace in the twenty-first-century lexicon than ever before.
Sources
Aitchison, Jean. Language Change: Progress or Decay? Cambridge University Press, 1991.
Bauer, Laurie, and Salvador Valera Hernandez. “Conversion or Zero-Derivation: An Introduction.” Approaches to Conversion/Zero-Derivation, Waxmann Verlag, 2005.
Blake, Barry J. All About Language. Oxford University Press, 2008.
Courtney, Kevin. “Con Text Verbing.” The Irish Times, 18 Mar. 2008.
Crystal, David. The Story of English in 100 Words. St. Martin's Press, 2012.
Graham, Lindsey. “Face the Nation.” CBS Broadcasting. 9 Aug. 2009.
Sayers, Dorothy L. The Unpleasantness at the Bellona Club. Ernest Benn, 1928.
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