Journal of marketing, business and management(jmbm)/sjif factor: 57

Categories of nature based tourism / tourists
Nature based tourism can be classified into many categories depending on the place, kid of activity, motivation or reason, and the type be it sustainable, organized or commercial. It provides ease in quantifying tourism and tourists on nature based basis and helps to produce concrete statistical results. Tourist classification can also produce nature based tourism segmentation. Few studies recognize six kinds of nature-based tourists:
Committed Nature Tourists – these tourists are few in number who does not only admire nature but takes step to conserve it, they show action. 
Interested Nature Tourists - Such type of tourists shows a concern and interest in nature tourism but lacks a deep commitment towards the nature. 
Casual Nature Tourists – they are combining a vacation with a visit to the nature based areas. 
Nature Tourists- these tourists have certain very fixed cultural inklings. 
Sport or Adventure Tourists - These type of tourists are interested in sports or in involving in adventure in natural areas. 
Hunting And Fishing Tourists - For such type of tourist’s nature is just a ground for their activity and entertainment. 
The main criteria for ecotourism are as follows:

1. 
   Travel destination - places with relatively untouched nature or preserved authentic life.
   
2. 
   The purpose of ecological travel is the study of natural and cultural features. Acquaintance with the traditional life of the locals, or acquaintance with the wildlife.
   
3. 
   The tourism process does not harm natural ecosystems.
   
4. 
   It is economically beneficial for residents to preserve nature and traditions.
   

Nature-oriented tourism can be characterized as a complex, diverse system in which several forms of tourism that function in the natural environment are clearly identified:

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  natural tourism;
  
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  fishing and hunting tourism;
  
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  health tourism;
  
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  trekking (hiking);
  
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  travel with a naturalist;
  
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  travel by bike;
  
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  inland water tours;
  
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  sea voyages;
  
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  speleotourism;
  
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  horseback riding.
  

The problem of organizing investment in the tourism sector, taking into account environmental and socio-cultural impacts, is becoming more and more urgent and necessitates a tremendous practical need to conduct research on the investment process in the tourism industry and the theoretical justification of the choice of investment activities in compliance with the criteria of economic efficiency, environmental safety and socio-cultural sustainability.
The tourism industry is a complex object consisting of various subsystems, the functioning of which depends on many external factors. These factors are sometimes almost impossible to quantify but can be qualitatively assessed, i.e. evaluate the impact of qualitative factors on quantitative indicators and how they are interrelated. Qualitative modelling is a formalized logical thinking algorithm that allows you to create a simulation model of an integrated system.
Private investment in a tourist complex (InvP). Investments are a determining factor in the development of any industry and any region. The main problem of the ski tourist complexes of Uzbekistan is the high seasonality: a massive flow of tourists falls in the winter. Green summer tourism needs to be developed. The prospects and return on investment in the summer ski resort are well recognized internationally; therefore, when creating a favourable investment climate for international investment, this type of tourism can be expected to develop. Public investment in the tourist complex (InvST). State investments are necessary for the development of the region’s infrastructure, the low level of which is currently one of the main constraints to the development of tourism. Government Environmental Investment (InvSE).
It should be noted that in 2018 (before the pandemic), one of the important factors that had a significant impact on the increase in the flow of tourists visiting our country was additional organizational measures to create favorable conditions for the development of tourism potential, i.e. the visa regime and the rules for staying in the country were simplified.
In particular, citizens of 90 countries of the world are allowed to enter the Republic of Uzbekistan without a visa for a period of 30 days, for citizens of 48 countries, for a period of 5 days as a transit tourist, and foreign citizens under the age of 16 are allowed to enter the Republic of Uzbekistan without a visa for a period of 90 days.
68 companies and organizations engaged in tourism activities in Samarkand region, 138 hotels and 93 guest houses with the capacity to receive 6100 guests at the same time are operating. Of these, 93 guest houses provide quality services to 820 guests at the same time.
According to the information of Dilshod Narzikulov, the head of the Samarkand Regional Culture and Tourism Directorate, 44 destination programs of 1311.8 billion soums covering 74 projects for the development of tourism infrastructure facilities in the region during 2019-2021 through the credit line of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development developed.
The main goal is to increase the flow of tourists, to inform the countries of the world about the introduction of new routes and services for tourists, to establish cooperation with foreign tourism firms and companies, to further improve the quality of service, and to hold various large-scale international events in the region. ensure readiness.
This means that travelers tend to choose more environmentally friendly travel destinations in the future, that is, we believe that the demand in the tourism industry is moving towards sustainable tourism, and based on the law of supply and demand, it is permissible to analyze the possibilities of diversifying the tourism market.
Based on the above, the following conclusions can be drawn: First, paying attention to the socio-economic development of the tourism sector in our country creates ample opportunities. Taking into account that one out of every four new jobs will be created by the tourism sector in the next ten years, tourism can significantly contribute to reducing the unemployment rate by creating additional jobs in Uzbekistan. This, in turn, can be a source of high income for the population.
Secondly, Uzbekistan, being among the 50 best destinations for travel in 2022, will help to increase the flow of tourists who pay attention to the possibilities of safe travel.