Jrcb4 The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Learning final

will be used to automate productive processes, we may need to reinvent current 
educational institutions. It is, for example, possible that formal education will play a 
diminishing role in creating job-related competences. This could mean that the future 
role of education will increasingly be in supporting human development. 
For example, the current AI systems make almost continuous assessment of student 
progress possible. Instead of high-stakes testing that functions as a social filter, AI 
supported assessment can be used to help learners to develop their skills and 
competences and keep students on effective learning paths. With such ongoing 
assessment, high-stakes testing may become redundant, and broader evidence 
may be used for assessing skills and competences. This may be important in 
particular for assessing transversal key competences that are now relatively difficult to 
assess. As AI and other information technologies facilitate informal learning, it also 
becomes important to ask what the division of labour between formal and informal 
learning will be in the future. 
In general, the balance may thus shift from the instrumental role of education 
towards its more developmental role. Perhaps more importantly, it is possible that 
the industrial age link between work and education is changing. Current institutions of 

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education to a large extent address the needs of an industrial world. As knowledge and 
data are now created, used, and learned in ways that have not been possible before, it is 
important that AI is not understood only as a solution to problems in the current 
educational systems. 
In general, the profound changes in the society and economy that AI and related 
technologies are now making possible will create a world where many social institutions 
will change, and people have to adapt. When a similar broad change occurred almost two 
centuries ago, the social and human costs were high. Although we now with hindsight 
often neglect the negative consequences of technical development and emphasize its 
positive consequences, it is important to realize that general-purpose technologies can 
have fundamental transformative impact on social life and human development. The 
rather poetic declaration in 1848 that "all that is solid melts into air," was not just a 
vision but it was based on careful empirical observation of the everyday consequences of 
industrialization.
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