Kon lahimlarini barрo

3. Mine solder reinforcement

that the rocks surrounding the mine do not collapse into the mine, to maintain its cross-sectional surface and workability is called a mine reinforcement. Mine reinforcement can be made of wood, metal, monolithic concrete and reinforced concrete. In some cases, anchor reinforcements are also used to strengthen ore deposits.

fat -free enhancers is short (2-3 years). They are mainly used in horizontal, partially inclined welds with moderate mining pressure. Wooden reinforcements consist of rectangular, and in most cases, incomplete reinforcement frames in the shape of a trestle .
The frames are connected to each other perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the beam
or they can be installed at a distance of 0.5-1.0 m from each other. If
if a certain distance is left between the frames, then the frames
two sides and terrace of the space are covered with vines . Tokilar lahim
collapsing into a pile of rock fragments on the ceiling and sides
falling (picture 2.3).
The diameter of wooden reinforcement frames is made of 20-25 mm logs. The lower end of the reinforcing columns is made in the form of a pile, and they are installed in the ground by forming a hole of 10-20 cm. The pile-shaped end of the column ensures that the reinforcement is slightly compressible and adapts to the pressure of the mine .
Columns of traction frames are installed at an angle of 80-850 to the horizon. If the sub-soil (ground) has the characteristic of swelling, then the columns are installed on the roof .
Such rums are called full rums. If lahim side walls
strong , a columnless reinforcement is used.
Figure 2.3. Construction of wooden reinforcement: 1 - beam ; 2 – column; 3, 4 – odd; 5 - resurrection. % In this case, a recess is made on the terrace of the side walls, under the ceiling on both sides, and the beam is inserted into the recesses.
If the slope of the weld is more than 30 degrees , it is reinforced with full reinforcement frames and braces are installed between the adjacent beam and the joists. This prevents the frames from sliding. The long-term operation of metal fasteners is essential.
widely used in mining practice due to its scarcity and low maintenance costs. Metal reinforcements can be transverse, arched and circular, as well as compressible or rigid (non-compressible). Rigid traction reinforcement frame, base
wood , double beam or rail. In order to give such a reinforcement a little compressibility, the columns are installed on wooden bases (Fig. 2.4). Metal reinforcements with a special flexible structure are widely used in mining enterprises along with rigid reinforcement. MRK-1T, KMR-T, MTRSH reinforcements are examples .
reinforcements with three- or five-joint arches are apparently used in mines . The main function of the joints is to receive the initial mine pressure, rather than the reinforcement
crushing . Figure 2.5 shows the frame of a three-joint compressible arch reinforcement.
If the mine solder is subjected to strong pressure from all sides, and its bottom has the characteristic of swelling, such solders are reinforced with four or six-joint circular metal reinforcements (Fig. 2.6). Figure 2.4. Rigid metal reinforcement frame. & Monolithic concrete and reinforced concrete reinforcements are mainly used for strengthening of horizontal, vertical and inclined carital (mine opening) welds outside the long-term excavation zones. The surrounding structures and chambers of the barrel are mainly reinforced with monolithic concrete. The main structure of monolithic concrete reinforcements consists of a vertical wall and a dome-shaped beam (in horizontal and inclined welds), a cylindrical concrete reinforcement
(in vertical welds).
REFERENCES :

1. 
   Islamov OI, Shorakhmedov SH.SH. General geology T.,
   

"Ukituchchi" 1971.

2. 
   Kuznetsov SS Geology, UzSSR "Middle and Higher School", state
   

Publisher, T., 1960.
3. "Dictionary of Geology" UzSSR FA publishing house T. , 1958 .
4. Ananyev VP, Peredelsky AV Engineering geology. Iz-vo
" Vo` sshaya shkola", M-1980.
5. www.kasu.uz