Лаборатория иши №5

Procedure for preparation for the experiment and its implementation
It is not recommended to have water in the product to be analyzed. If the product contains water, it is cleaned of water by special methods and then analyzed.
The equipment cooler is filled with water. If it analyzes lighter petroleum products, we fill the refrigerator with ice or a substitute product and stop the water.
We soak the rest of the previously driven product at the end of the refrigerator tube in a soft material.
Weigh the oil product to be analyzed in a volume of 100 cm3 in the cylinder and carefully pour the equipment into the tube - the substance must not touch the walls of the tube through which the vapor escapes. Put a foam stopper on the thermometer and place the flask in its mouth.
The thermometer should be placed in the middle of the mouth of the tube. Make sure that the part of the thermometer where the mercury is located is on the vapor tube of the tube. Attach the flask to the refrigerator using a foam stopper. The steam outlet tube of the flask should penetrate 25-30 mm into the refrigerant tube. Wash and dry the substance in a weighed cylinder, pour the bottom of the other end of the refrigerant tube. It is recommended that the end of the tube fall 25 mm from the center of the cylinder. If you are pumping gasoline, we place the cylinder in a special container and put water and ice in the refrigerator. The height of the ice and water mixture should not be lower than the 100 cm3 measurement mark of the cylinder.


Going experiment
We begin to heat the substance in the flask. The substance in the flask is 10-15min. if it starts to boil inside, it means that the driving process has started. The first drop of a substance falling from the end of a refrigerant tube into a measuring cylinder is called the onset of the boiling point of the substance. After the first drop of substance falls, we push the cylinder a little and touch its wall to the end of the refrigerant pipe, so that the next drops of the expelled substance flow into the walls of the cylinder. The heating rate should be such that 4-5 cm3 of substance is expelled every minute until 95 cm3 of the analyte is expelled. It is estimated that the volume of 95 cm3 of the substance can be 3-5 min after distillation until the end of the boiling temperature. At this time, the oil product continues to accumulate in the measuring cylinder. When the substance stops flowing into the cylinder, the thermometer sets the final reading of the boiling point. The volume of the substance in the cylinder is also determined.
The volume of the substance that is not pumped into the flask is considered to be the residue. After the tube has cooled, we pour the residue from the tube into the cylinder and determine the total volume. Subtracting the total volume, i.e. the amount of residual value from 100, finds how much substance is lost.