- These factors may or may not be under conscious control.
- People can usually control their health behaviors and can choose healthy or unhealthy activities.
- In contrast, people have little or no choices over their genetic makeup, age, gender, culture, and sometimes their geographical environments
- Biologic dimension
- genetic makeup, gender, age, and developmental level
- Psychologic dimension
- mind-body interactions and self-concept
- Cognitive dimension
- lifestyle choices and spiritual and religious beliefs
External Variables - Physical environment
- Standards of living
- Family and cultural beliefs
- Social support networks
Health Belief Models - Developed to help determine whether an individual is likely to participate in disease prevention and health promotion activities
Health Belief Models (cont'd) - Rosenstock’s and Becker’s Health Belief Models
- Individual’s perception
- Modifying factors
- Likelihood of action
Health Care Adherence - Client motivation
- Degree of lifestyle change
- Perceived severity of health care problem
- Value placed on reducing the threat of illness
- Ability to understand and perform specific behaviors
Health Care Adherence (cont'd) Health Care Adherence - Complexity, side effects, and duration of the proposed therapy
- Cultural heritage, beliefs, or practices that support or conflict with the regimen
- Degree of satisfaction and quality and type of relationship with the health care providers
- Overall cost of therapy
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