Linguistics for English Language Teaching: Sounds, Words, and Sentences
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chapter 5-english phonetics
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- The Production of Speech Sounds Human languages display a wide variety of sounds, called phones or speech sounds .
Linguistics for English Language Teaching: Sounds, Words, and Sentences 50 | P a g e uman can communicate both spoken and written language. In spoken language, the speech sound is very important. The study of speech sound is called phonetics. The study of speech sounds then involves three aspects: how the sounds are produced, how they are transmitted and how they are perceived. The study of production of speech sounds constitutes articulatory phonetics; the study of the transmission and physical properties of speech sounds, i.e. intensity, frequency and duration, constitutes acoustic phonetics; the study of the perception of speech sounds constitutes the study of auditory phonetics. The acoustic and auditory phonetics are excluded in the following discussion. The study of articulatory phonetics has two subparts. First, we study the articulation, i.e. production of speech sound. Second, classifying sounds according to the properties they have. CHAPTER 5 ENGLISH PHONETICS: The Sounds of English Language Chapter 5: English Phonetics: The Sounds of Language 51 | P a g e The Production of Speech Sounds Human languages display a wide variety of sounds, called phones or speech sounds. Articulators above the larynx All sounds we make when we speak are the result of the muscles contracting. The muscles in the chest that we use for breathing produce the flow of air that is needed for almost all speech sounds; muscles in the larynx produce many different modifications in the flow of air from the chest to the mouth. After passing through the larynx, the air goes through what we call the vocal tract, which ends at the mouth and nostrils. Here the air from the lungs escapes into the atmosphere. We have a large and complex set of muscles that can produce changes in the shape of vocal tract, and in order to learn how the sounds of speech are produced it is necessary to become familiar with the different parts of the vocal tract. These different parts are called articulators, and the study of them is called articulatory phonetics. Figure 2 is a diagram that is used frequently in the study of phonetics. It represents the human head, seen from the side, displayed as though it had been cut in half. You will need to look a it carefully as the articulators are described, and you will often find it useful to have a mirror and a good light placed so that you can look at the inside of your mouth. Linguistics for English Language Teaching: Sounds, Words, and Sentences 52 Download 387.49 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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