Linux: The Ultimate Guide

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Linux
Linux is one of the most widely used operating systems. It was created to 
provide a free or low-cost operating system for personal computer users. 
Linus Torvalds published Linux on September 17, 1991, and it was writ-
ten in the C programming language. It has since earned a reputation for 
being a high-performing and efficient system. This is a fairly comprehen-
sive operating system that includes a graphical user interface (GUI), TCP/
IP, the Emacs editor, and the X Window System, among other features.
Debian, Ubuntu, Fedora, Red Hat Linux, SUSE Linux, Gentoo, Kali 
Linux, and Linux Mint are some of the finest Linux distributions. Linux is a 
very popular operating system today because of features such as multiuser 
operating system management, multitasking paradigm, multiprogram-
ming concepts, and virtual memory. Many corporations and individuals, 
as well as firms such as Canonical, use Linux for their servers because of 
security concerns and positive feedback from the user community. Linux 
is also used in mobile devices, smart TVs, and so on.
Key Features:
• A step-by-step approach to problem solving and skill development
• A quick run-through of the basic concepts, in the form of a “crash 
course”
• An advanced, hands-on core concepts, with a focus on real-world 
problems
• An industry-level coding paradigm, practice-oriented explanatory 
approach
• A special emphasis on writing clean and optimized code, with addi-
tional chapters focused on coding methodology

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Linux
The Ultimate Guide
Sufyan bin Uzayr

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First edition published 2023
by CRC Press
6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742
and by CRC Press
4 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN
CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
© 2023 Sufyan bin Uzayr
Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher 
cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors 
and publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publica-
tion and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. If 
any copyright material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so we may rectify in any 
future reprint.
Except as permitted under U.S. Copyright Law, no part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, trans-
mitted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter 
invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval 
system, without written permission from the publishers.
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Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks and are used 
only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Bin Uzayr, Sufyan, author. 
Title: Linux : the ultimate guide / Sufyan bin Uzayr. 
Description: First edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2023. | Includes 
bibliographical references and index. 
Identifiers: LCCN 2022025683 (print) | LCCN 2022025684 (ebook) | ISBN 
9781032312255 (hardback) | ISBN 9781032312248 (paperback) | ISBN 
9781003308676 (ebook) 
Subjects: LCSH: Linux. | Operating systems (Computers) 
Classification: LCC QA76.774.L46 B56 2023 (print) | LCC QA76.774.L46 
(ebook) | DDC 005.4/46--dc23/eng/20220920 
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2022025683
LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2022025684
ISBN: 9781032312255 (hbk)
ISBN: 9781032312248 (pbk)
ISBN: 9781003308676 (ebk)
DOI: 10.1201/9781003308676
Typeset in Minion
by Deanta Global Publishing Services, Chennai, India

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v
Contents
Acknowledgments, xxv
Author, xxvii
C
hapter
 1
◾
Desktop Environments for Linux 
1
DESKTOP ENVIRONMENT INTRODUCTION 
1
LINUX 2
Components of Linux Application 
2
THE DESKTOP ENVIRONMENT IN LINUX 
3
Graphical User Interface 
3
Examples 4