7.1
Types of Presuppositions
1.
Existential Presupposition
Example :
a)
There is a rickshaw driver.
b)
There is a King in India.
2.
Factive Presupposition
When the presupposed information follows verbs like ‘know, realize, regret,
aware, glad’, it is called a factive presupposition.
Example :
a)
He didn’t realize that the food was over. >> The food was over
b)
I’m glad that it’s over. >> Its over
c)
I wasn’t aware that the World Trade centre had exploded. >> WTC exploded.
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3.
Lexical Presuppositions
Lexical presuppositions are associated with particular words.
Example :
(a)
John managed to do something. >> John tried
(b)
He stopped smoking cigars. >> Earlier used to smoke
(c)
He is late again. >> was late earlier also.
4.
Structural Presuppositions
They are in the very structure of certain expressions.
Example :
(a)
When did the accident take place? >>The accident took place.
(b)
Where did you meet her? >>You met her.
(c)
Why are you late? >>You are late.
5.
Non-factive Presuppositions
These presuppositions are assumed not to be true (dream, imagine, pretend)
Example :
(a)
He dreamed that I was dead. >> I was not dead.
(b)
I imagined I was in Paris. >> I was not in Paris.
(c)
She pretends to be sad. >>She is not sad.
6.
Counter-factual Presuppositions
These presuppositions are embedded in conditional structures.
Example :
(a)
If I were rich I would help you. >> I’m not rich
(b)
If I had a car I would go to Goa. >> I don’t have a car.
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