Marketing Strategy and Competitive Positioning pdf ebook
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hooley graham et al marketing strategy and competitive posit
CHAPTER 8 SEGMENTATION AND POSITIONING RESEARCH
The need to find segmentation bases that are closely associated with the product mar- ket in question means that successful implementation often involves a company developing product-specific bases. Here there is a potential barrier because of the perceived complexity of the approach and the confusion that researchers have created by their own misunderstand- ings. Although once a major block to implementation, sufficient case law on using cluster analysis in marketing has been accumulated to allow some of the confusion to be removed. Comparative studies come down firmly in favour of Ward’s (1963) method in conjunction with iterative partitioning. There is rightly much scepticism about the results from cluster analysis. This is justifiable, given the confusion of the algorithms used, the tendency of cluster analysis to produce results even if the data are meaningless and the lack of validation of those results. Being aware of these dangers, it is vital that validation, both statistical and operational, has a central role within segmentation research. In particular, tests should be done to see if the segments formed can be replicated using other data, that the segments are managerially meaningful and respond differently to elements of the marketing mix. As with segmentation research, there is a wide variety of positioning research approaches and techniques available. Typically they require the collection of primary data relating to brand images and customer requirements. Multidimensional scaling techniques can be used to summarise the mass of data collected in visually appealing and easily communicable ways. They are perhaps best seen as visual models of the customer’s mind. As such, they should be treated with caution, as any model is a simplification of reality and should be used with care. They can never replace the individual manager’s insights, which are central to creative marketing decision making. At best they are an aid to that process. Segmentation and positioning researchers have failed to find a single criterion that will fit all markets, despite the claims of those selling lifestyle segmentation. However, rather than finding a single criterion, researchers have found consistently reliable methods of using product market data to segment customers into groups that are of managerial significance and to represent their views and opinions in visually communicable ways. While Baumwoll (1974) was right in predicting that no philosopher’s stone would be found, researchers have, however, perhaps discovered how to make philosophers’ stones! Download 6.59 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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