Matematika: O’qituvchi

Matematika:

O’qituvchi:

1-Ma’ruza: Sonlar nazariyasi. EKUB va EKUK

Reja:

• Sonlar to’plami. Natural sonlar va ular ustida amallar
• Qo’shish va Ko’paytirishning xossalari. Qavslarni ochish.
• Umumiy ko’paytuvchini qavsdan tashqariga chiqarish.
• Bo’linish belgilari
• Qoldiqli bo’lish.
• Tub ko’paytuvchilarga ajratish. Natural bo’luvchilar soni(NBS)
• EKUB va EKUK

Sonlar to’plami

• Natural sonlar to’plami-N:N={1,2,3,4,5…}
• Butun sonlar to’plami-Z:Z={...,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4}
• Raqtisonal sonlar to’plami-Q:Q={}

h
t
I: √2, -√3, 4+√5, √¼
Q:
1/2, -3/5, -7/3, 15/5,
0.2,1.4
Z:
…-5,-4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4,5…
N
1,2,3,4,5…
R:
N,Z,Q,Ig

Basic Definition Of Qualitative Data

Qualitative = Quality

Qualitative data are

• measures of 'types' and may be represented by a name, symbol, or a number code.
• Qualitative data are data about categorical variables (e.g. what type).

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Basic Definition Of Quantitative data
Quantitative = Quantity
Quantitative data are
measures of values or counts and are expressed as numbers.
data about numeric variables (e.g. how many, how much or how often). 
Data collected about a numeric variable will always be quantitative and data collected about a categorical variable will always be qualitative. Therefore, you can identify the type of data, prior to collection, based on whether the variable is numeric or categorical.
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Importance Of Quantitative And Qualitative Data

Quantitative and qualitative data provide different outcomes, and are often used together to get a full picture of a population. For example, if data are collected on annual income (quantitative), occupation data (qualitative) could also be gathered to get more detail on the average annual income for each type of occupation.

Quantitative and qualitative data can be gathered from the same data unit depending on whether the variable of interest is numerical or categorical.

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Using Quantitative And Qualitative (Categorical) Data

It is important to identify whether the data are quantitative or qualitative as this affects the statistics that can be produced.

FREQUENCY COUNTS

The number of times an observation occurs (frequency) for a data item (variable) can be shown for both quantitative and qualitative data.

Graphic Form Of Qualitative (Categorical) Data

Column graph showing the frequency counts of occupation for 20 people.
Doctor - 5
Bus driver - 9
Teacher - 6
As absolute frequencies can be calculated on quantitative and qualitative data, relative frequencies can also be produced, such as percentages, proportions, rates and ratios. 8 people worked < 30 hrs.
Graphic form of quantitative data
Column graph showing the frequency counts of hours worked per week for 20 people.
Hours worked:
Less than 10 - 1
10 to less than 20 - 3
20 to less than 30 - 4
30 to less than 40 - 8
40 to less than 50 - 3
50 to less than 60 - 1
For each variable below, identify each as either quantitative or categorical
Quiz Question 1
Correct answers to the quiz 1
Quiz Question 2
For each variable below, identify each as either quantitative or categorical
Correct answers to the quiz 2
Quiz Question 3
Correct answers to the quiz 3

THANK YOU

THANK YOU

FOR YOUR PATIENCE AND ATTENTION