Mavzu. Mikroiqtisodiyot faniga kirish

XVMAVZU. TURLI BOZORLARDA NARXLARNI SHAKLLANTIRISH⁷
1-masala
Ishlabchiqaruvchifirma, ulgurjisavdobilanshug’ullanuvchifirmachakanasavdofirmasi, xaridortizimidanquyidagilarma’lumbo’lsin: mahsulotlartannarxi – 500 so’m; ulgurjisavdoxarajatlari – 100 so’m;

Chakanasavdoxarajatlari – 150 so’m. Taqsimlashkanallariharbirlariningfoydasitovartannarxining 20%igateng. Xaridortovarniqandaytannarxdasotiboladi?

Yechish:
500*20%=100 so’m

Ishlabchiqarishfirmasi 500+100=600

Ulgurjisavdofirmasi 600+100+(500*20%)=800

Chakanasavdofirmasi 800+150+(500*20%)=950+100=1050 so’m.

2-masala
Ishlabchiqaruvchifirma, ulgurjisavdobilanshug’ullanuvchifirmachakanasavdofirmasi, xaridortizimidanquyidagilarma’lumbo’lsin: tovartannarxi – 1 000 so’m, ulgurjisavdoxarajatlari – 100 so’m, chakanasavdoxarajatlari – 200 so’m. Taqsimlashkanaliningharbirqatnashchisifoydasitovartannarxi 15% gateng. Xaridortovarniqandaynarxdasotiboladi?
Yechish:
1 000*15%=150so’m

Ishlabchiqarishfirmasi 1000+150=1150

Ulgurjisavdofirmasi 1150+100+(1000*0.15)=1250+150=1400

Chakanasavdofirmasi 1400+200+150=1750 so’m.

3-masala
Ishlabchiqaruvchifirma, ulgurjisavdobilanshug’ullanuvchifirmachakanasavdofirmasi, xaridortizimidanquyidagilarma’lumbo’lsin: ulgurjisavdoxarajatlari – 150 so’m, chakanasavdoxarajatlari – 200 so’m, taqsimlashkanallariningharbirqatnashchisifoydasitovartannarxining 20% gateng. Xaridortovarni 1330 so’mdansotiboldi. Tovartannarxinechaso’m?

x+u=ishlabchiqarishnarxi; x – tannax; u – foyda.

x+u+150+y=x+2y+150ulgurjinarx

x+2y+150+200+y=x+3y+350=1330

x – 100%

y – 20%; y=0.2

x+3y+350=1330

x+350+3*0.2x=1330

x+0.6x+350=1330

x+0.6x=1330-350

1.6x=980

x=980÷1.6; x=612.5.

4-masala
(shaharolimpiyadasi, 4-5-yanvar, 2016yil)

Tovarga bo’lgan talab va taklif funktsiyalari quyidagicha berilgan: Q_d=110-P; Q_s=2P-50.

Agar har bir tovar uchun uning narxining 20% i miqdorida soliq belgilansa:

1. 
   Bu tovarning bozordagi muvozanat narx va muvozanat miqdor qanday o’zgardi?
   
2. 
   Bu tovar sotuvchining daromadi qanday o’zgaradi?
   

Yechish:

Qs= Qd 2P-50=110-P 2P+P=110+50 3P=160 P=53.3 Qs=2*53.3-50=56.6 Qd=110-53.3=56.6 TR=P*Q=53.3*56.6=3016.78

Narxgasoliqfoiziniqo’shishformulasi: (1-%/100*P) 110-P=2((1-20%/100%)*P)-50 110-P=2*0.8P-50 110-P=1.6P-50 160=2.6P P=61.5 Q=110-61.5=48.5; TR=61.5*48.5=2982.7 ∆TR=TR2-TR1=2982.7-3016.78=-34.1

5-masala
E^d_p=-2 bo’lsa, monopol narx formulalariga ko’ra, soliq tga teng bo’lganda

P=(MC+t)/(1+1/(-2))=2(MC+t)=2MC+2t

Narx soliq miqdoriga nisbatan 2 barobar o’sadi.