Mavzu. Mikroiqtisodiyot faniga kirish

3-masala
Agarnarx 10% gakamayib, foyda 8%gaortganbo’lsa, talabegiluvchanliginianiqlasabo’ladimi?

Berilishi:

Narx – 10% gaortgan

Foyda – 8%gapasaygan

Talabegiluvchanligi - ?

S=1-10%/100%=1-0.1=0.9 narx

S=1-8%/100%=1+0.08=1.08 foyda

Foydadinamikasi: (P-∆P)*(Q+∆Q) =1.08*P*Q

Tenglamadansotishhajminingo’sishi ∆Qnitopishmumkin.

0.9*P*( Q+∆Q)=1.08*P*Q Q+∆Q=1.2Q ∆Q=Q-1.2Q ∆Q=0.2Q ∆Q/Q=0.2

0.9*P*( Q+∆Q)=1.08*P*Q 0.9Q+0.9∆Q=1.08Q/÷Q 0.9+0.9∆Q/Q=1.08 ∆Q/Q=(1.08-0.9)/0.9=0.18/0.9=0.2

Ed=∆Q/Q÷∆P/P=0.2/0.1=2

Javob:2
4-masala
Ko’ylakbozorichaqqonbo’lib, uningnarxi 10 000 so’medi. Narxoshib 12 000 so’mgaetdi. Shungayarashako’ylakkatalab 100 donadan 60 donagatushdi. Ya’ni 40 donagaqisqardi. Talabelastikliginitoping.
Yechish:
Oldintalabningjamixajmi 1 mln.so’mbo’lsa (100*10 000=1 000 000), so’ngra 720 mingso’mga (12 000*60=720 000) tushdi. Buraqamlarniprotsentgaaylantirsak:

1 000 000-720 000=280 000

1 000 000  100%

280 000 x

X=280 000*100%/1 000 000=28%

12 000-10 000=2 000

10 000 100%

2 000 x

X=2 000*100%/10 000=20%

Qanchaoshganliginibilishuchun 120%-100%=20%

E_d=∆Q/∆P; E_d=28%/20%=1.4; E>1; Javob: elastiklikkoeffitsenti 1.4.
5-masala
Bahoning 20%ga oshishi hisobiga talab qilinadigan mahsulot miqdori 15% ga kamaysa, talabning baholi egiluvchanlik koeffitsenti qanday miqdorni tashkil qiladi?