Microsoft Word Chapter 1 done doc

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Emotion, Cognition and Aggression : Zillmann (199) has revised 
his excitation transfer theory to explain the interaction of emotion 
and cognition in causing aggression. According to him our thoughts 
can lead us to reappraise various emotion provoking events as a 
result of which we would reinterpret the situation and this cognitive 
activity in turn, may well influence your emotional reactions leading 
to aggression. For e.g., Zillman (1994) found that if subjects are 
told in advance that some one with whom they will soon interact is 
very upset, they experience less anger in response to rudeness by 
this individual than if they do not receive such information. 
Emotional arousal influences our cognition to a considerable extent. 
According to Zillmann (1994) levels of emotional arousal influences 
our thoughts about other’s behaviour and so our tendencies to 
aggress against them. According to Zillmann (994) strong 
emotional arousal sometimes produces what he describes as 
cognitive deficit - i.e., reduced ability to formulate rational plans of 
action or reduced ability to evaluate the possible outcome of 
various behaviours.
 
iv. 
Exposure to Media Violence : Exposure to media violence 
increases aggression in individuals. A large number of research 
studies have conclusively demonstrated that exposure to 
aggressive models stimulate similar behaviour among observers.
Similarly, research studies have also conclusively shown that 
exposure to violence in the mass media (films and TV), increases 
aggression by viewers. Some important findings of the various 
research studies with respect to exposure to media violence and 
aggression are as follows: 
Research on exposure to violent television, movies, video 
games and music indicates that such material significantly 
increases the likelihood of aggressive behaviour by people 
exposed to them. 
Such effects are both short term and long term in nature. 
The magnitude of these effects is large, real and long 
lasting. 
It has been found that the more violent films or televisions 
programs participants watched as children, the higher their 
levels of aggression as teenagers or adults are. 
In a recent study Bartholow et al (2006) have found that 
individuals who reported that they had often played violent 
video games in the past directed more aggression against 
another person who had done nothing to provoke them than 
people who had rarely played such games. The more