admire, adore, like/dislike, love, prefer, hate
NEEDS and WANTS
need, lack, want
SENSES feel
hear, wish, see, notice, smell, taste, sound, sense
KNOWLEDGE
forget, know, realize, remember, understand
OPINIONS
believe, doubt, feel, imagine, suppose, suspect, think
COMPOSITION
comprise, consist of, contain, include
APPEARANCE
appear, be, seem, look, resemble
POSSESSION
have, belong to, own, possess, owe
RELATIONSHIPS
come from, concern, involve, depend, fit, suit
EXISTENCE
be, exist
•
Remember that many verbs have both ‘action’ and ‘state’ meanings.
Compare:
George is having a bath.
George has two sisters and one brother. (NOT ‘is having’)
I’m thinking about where to go for my next holiday.
I think history lessons are boring. (NOT ‘am thinking’)
•
Remember that the progressive form of a verb (be + -ing) is not the same as the -ing form.
Compare:
I was not having a watch and so I didn’t how the time.
I didn’t have a watch and so I didn’t know the time.
Not having a watch, I didn’t know the time.
•
When a verb is used to describe a state, the simple form and the -ing form may be used, but not the
progressive form.
contribute
Oxfam and Save the Children have contributed a lot of money for the relief work.
Oxfam and Save the Children have contributed a lot of money to the relief work.
When I return home, I hope to contribute my country’s economic development.
When I return home, I hope to contribute to my country’s economic
development.
contribute (money or some other form of assistance) to sth: ‘In recent years a number of major
corporations have contributed large sums of money to the President’s campaign funds.’
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