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little boy had seen an elephant and naturally he was a little scared.’
2
Are you sure that you certainly don’t want to go?
Are you sure that you definitely don’t want to go?
If they certainly can’t find a job, they should be given further training.
If they definitely can’t find a job, they should be given further training.
When you mean ‘absolutely certain and without even the slightest doubt’, use definitely. This
word gives very strong emphasis and is often used in connection with intentions and future
events: ‘He definitely wants to be a vet.’ ‘Do you think that you’ll definitely be able to come?’
3
Certainly I think so.
I certainly think so.
The car can be repaired certainly.
The car can certainly be repaired.
Certainly, it was a pleasant surprise.
It was certainly a pleasant surprise.
It certainly was a pleasant surprise.
Certainly is usually used like a middle position adverb (see Language Note at ALWAYS): ‘She
certainly likes you.’ ‘His work has certainly improved this year.’
For extra emphasis, however, certainly may be placed before the first auxiliary verb and before be
when this is the main verb: ‘His work certainly has improved this year.’ ‘She certainly is one of the
best teachers on the staff.’
certificate
The other day I was given a gift certificate, but it was only worth two thousand yen.
The other day I was given a gift voucher, but it was only worth two thousand yen.
certificate = an official document that states certain facts about someone: ‘a
birth/marriage/death certificate’, ‘a certificate of health’
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