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2.7. BIOACCESSIBILITY

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    Total carotenoid bioaccessibility (TCB) and lycopene bioaccessibility (LB) were
    

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    calculated using Equation 3. Results were expressed as the percentage of carotenoids
    

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transferred from tomato matrix to the micellar fraction after the in vitro digestion.


𝐵𝑖𝑜𝑎𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦 % = ^QRSTUVWXVS 𝑥100 (3)
^QRYZSTUVWXVS

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    where BC_digested corresponded to the overall concentration of bioactive compound in the
    

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    micellar fraction and BC_undigested was the concentration in the non-digested samples.
    

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31. 2.8. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS

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    Each treatment replicate was obtained from five fruits. Four different replicates for each
    

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    assayed condition were subjected to an in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. Each analysis
    

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    was conducted twice (n = 8). A multifactor analysis of variance (ANOVA) was
    

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    performed at p < 0.05 in order to determine significant differences in concentration and
    

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    bioaccessibility of carotenoids from the tomato derivatives in relation to the factors
    

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    studied in this research (tomato ripening, type of processing and addition of different
    

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    types of oil). In addition, a correlation analysis based on Pearson´s test was carried out
    

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    in order to determine the relationship between each assayed parameter. All statistical
    

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    analyses were performed with the program JMP Pro v.12.0.1 software (SAS Institute,
    

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Cary, NC, USA).

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