Ministry of higher and secondary special education, republic of uzbekistan, andijan state university

Research object and subject. Winter wheat cultivars "Karlik-85," "Kupava," and "Kroshka," along with four local strains of the genus Bacillus subtilis with active phosphorus-degrading properties, were associated with irrigation-irrigated typical gray soil.
Research goals and objectives: İsolation, research, and application of bacteria that are found in the rhizosphere of winter wheat plants and are used to help plants absorb phosphorus from the soil. Locating, separating, and researching the Ca3(PO4)2 breakdown utilizing 32P from the winter wheat rhizosphere.
1. To investigate the cultural-morphological, physiological-biochemical, and species-affiliation traits of active strains.
2. To investigate how phosphorus-decomposing bacteria's adaptation to the winter wheat rhizosphere affects their reproduction, the germination of winter wheat seeds, the development of roots, and the formation of lawns.
Scientific news. For the first time, strains belonging to the genus Bacillus were isolated and studied from the rhizosphere of winter wheat. The dynamics of Ca3(PO4)2 decomposition using radioactive 32R under steady conditions were studied at a temperature of 28–300 °C during the growth period. The adaptation and growth of bacteria in sterilized soil were studied, and the superiority of the association of phosphorus-decomposing bacteria (PDB) in pre-sowing seed treatment was determined. Introduction of PDB association to the soil (NPK-50%+PDB and PDB+Biofertilizer (2 t/ha)) increases the field fertility of seeds by 95% (60–70% in control), plant growth and development acceleration of root formation processes, 1-2 orders of magnitude increase of microorganisms of the main agronomic group during vegetation periods, activity of enzymes in the soil, including catalase 1.34–1.5 times; phosphatase 1.1–1.16; invertase 1.13–1.18; dehydrogenase 1.52-1.84; asparaginase 1.2-1.63; peroxidase increased by 1.13–1.41 and polyphenoloxidase by 1.2–1.7 times; urease decreased by 1.1–1.8 times.18 times. As a result of the active adaptation of PDB to the soil, the respiration process of the soil is 1.17–1.38 times higher, total nitrogen content is 1.01–1.08, and mobile phosphorus is 1.08–1.18. This served to increase the humification coefficient of the soil by 1.06–1.53 times and significantly improve the biometric indicators of winter wheat. Biofertilizer applied to winter wheat at a rate of 2 t/ha can be used as an alternative source of mineral fertilizer, and at the same time, soil fertility improves. Winter wheat yield is 2 against the background of NPK 50%+FPB, 1-2.7 ts/ha, and in the background.