Module 1 – Grammar

 
Structural Approach 
A way of teaching which uses a syllabus based on grammatical structures. The order that the language is 
presented is usually based on how difficult it is thought to be. 
 
Task-based Learning (TBL) 
A way of teaching in which the teacher gives students meaningful tasks to do. The teacher may ask students to think 
about the language they have used to do the tasks, but the main focus for students is on the task itself. Project work 
is task-based.  
 
Teaching strategy 
The procedure or approach used by a teacher in the classroom, e.g. a teacher may choose to give thinking time to 
students before they speak. 
 
Test-teach-test 
A way of teaching new language. The teacher asks students to do a task without giving them any help, to see how 
well they know a certain piece of language (this is the first test). The teacher then presents the new language to the 
students (teach), then asks the students to do another task using the new language correctly (this is the second test). 
 
Total Physical Response (TPR) 
A way of teaching in which the teacher presents language items as instructions and the students have to do exactly 
what the teacher tells them, e.g. Open the window!  Stand up! This method is very meaningful and good for 
beginners when they start to learn a new language, as they have a silent period and can make fast progress. 
 

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© 
UCLES 
Cambridge 
ESOL 
2005
16
Warmer 
noun
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