Mustaqil ish Mavzu: Super kompyuterlar va ularning xususiyatlari

Dunyoning eng tezkor kompyuterlari nomi o'sha paytdagi IBM 7030 "Stretch", vakuumli quvurlar o'rniga transistorlardan foydalanadigan birinchi bo'lib o'tdi.

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  Dunyoning eng tezkor kompyuterlari nomi o'sha paytdagi IBM 7030 "Stretch", vakuumli quvurlar o'rniga transistorlardan foydalanadigan birinchi bo'lib o'tdi.
  
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  1964-yilda Cray CDC 6600 ni taqdim etdi, ularda germanyum transistorlarni silikon va Freon asosidagi sovutish tizimidan foydalanganda yangiliklar paydo bo'ldi.
  
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  Eng muhimi, u 40 MGts tezligida harakat qildi, bu saniyda taxminan uch million yuruvchi nuqta operatsiyani amalga oshirdi, bu esa uni dunyodagi eng tezkor kompyuterga aylantirdi. Ko'pincha dunyodagi birinchi superkompyuter deb hisoblangan CDC 6600 ko'pchilik kompyuterlardan 10 marta tezroq va IBM 7030 Stretchdan uch marta tezroq. Unga 1969 yilda CDC 7600 ning o'rnini egallash uchun topshirildi.
  

Named the fastest computer in the world, the then IBM 7030 “Stretch” was the first to use transistors instead of vacuum tubes.

In 1964, Cray introduced the CDC 6600, which introduced innovations in the use of germanium transistors in silicon and Freon-based cooling systems.
Most importantly, it operated at 40 MHz, performing about three million floating point operations per second, making it the fastest computer in the world. The CDC 6600, often considered the world’s first supercomputer, is 10 times faster than most computers and three times faster than the IBM 7030 Stretch. It was commissioned in 1969 to replace the CDC 7600.

Agar IBM superkompyuterining arxitekturasining oldingi rasmiga nazar tashlasangiz, u juda yaxshi ko'rinadi ular qanday tuzilgan?. Yaxshi qadrlash mumkin qismlar eng oddiyidan yig'ilgan to'plamga. Ko'rib turganingizdek, elementar komponent - bu chip, ya'ni baza sifatida ishlatiladigan protsessor yoki mikroprotsessor. Masalan, bu AMD EPYC ekanligini tasavvur qiling. Keyinchalik, AMD EPYC odatda ikkita yoki to'rtta rozetkaga ega bo'lgan anakartga kiritiladi, shuning uchun ularning har biri MP yoki bo'lmagan kompyuterlarimizdagi anakartlardan farqli o'laroq 1 yoki 2 ta EPYCga ega bo'ladi. Xo'sh, bizda allaqachon bir nechta chipli taxta bor va, albatta, anakartga odatdagi komponentlar ham qo'shiladi. anakart uy kompyuterida, ya'ni xotira banklarida va hokazo. Ushbu plitalardan biri tez-tez chaqiriladi hisoblash mashinasi rasmda ko'rib turganingizdek.

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  Agar IBM superkompyuterining arxitekturasining oldingi rasmiga nazar tashlasangiz, u juda yaxshi ko'rinadi ular qanday tuzilgan?. Yaxshi qadrlash mumkin qismlar eng oddiyidan yig'ilgan to'plamga. Ko'rib turganingizdek, elementar komponent - bu chip, ya'ni baza sifatida ishlatiladigan protsessor yoki mikroprotsessor. Masalan, bu AMD EPYC ekanligini tasavvur qiling. Keyinchalik, AMD EPYC odatda ikkita yoki to'rtta rozetkaga ega bo'lgan anakartga kiritiladi, shuning uchun ularning har biri MP yoki bo'lmagan kompyuterlarimizdagi anakartlardan farqli o'laroq 1 yoki 2 ta EPYCga ega bo'ladi. Xo'sh, bizda allaqachon bir nechta chipli taxta bor va, albatta, anakartga odatdagi komponentlar ham qo'shiladi. anakart uy kompyuterida, ya'ni xotira banklarida va hokazo. Ushbu plitalardan biri tez-tez chaqiriladi hisoblash mashinasi rasmda ko'rib turganingizdek.
  

If you look at the previous picture of the architecture of the IBM supercomputer, it looks very good, how are they structured ?. A collection of parts that can be well appreciated is from the simplest to the most collected. As you can see, an elementary component is a chip, i.e. a processor or microprocessor used as a base. For example, suppose this is an AMD EPYC. Later, the AMD EPYC is typically inserted into a motherboard with two or four sockets, so each of them will have 1 or 2 EPYCs, unlike the motherboards on our MPs or non-MPs. Well, we already have a few chip boards and of course the usual components will be added to the motherboard as well. on the motherboard home computer, i.e. in memory banks, and so on. One of these plates is often called a calculator as you can see in the picture