Spotting operators that do not play by the rules.
IUU perpetrators regularly spoof or disable
VMS or AIS messages to inhibit the identification and traffic of vessels operating illegally (in
other words by terminating all communication links) they disappear from control screens.
However, they can still be detected by coastal radars and satellites. The range available for
ship detection varies greatly depending on types of coastal radar systems in place, from a
few kilometres to more than 300 kilometres depending on weather conditions. In order to
monitor large zones beyond coastal areas, a combination of both optical and radar satellite
imagery allows improved detection and ship recognition. Satellite radar sensors allow day
and night identification and small vessels down to 15 metres can be monitored, although the
detection capabilities of ship targets are greatly influenced by the wind speed and direction
(i.e. very small ships can be hidden by waves). Furthermore, although radar satellite
surveillance provides wide area coverage, it is often limited by revisit times
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and by the time
necessary to process the imagery, analyse it and exploit it.
New technologies to fight IUU fishing have become more reliable but results tend to be
hampered by financial and legal considerations. Satellite imagery technology provides
evidence for a potential legal case, but the offended country often fails to make a complaint.
Moreover, developing countries often do not have the means to fight IUU fishing.
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