New Zealand (Aotearoa) Josef Šíp A

New Zealand (Aotearoa)

• Josef Šíp

• 4.A

Basic information:

• Area: 270,514 km2

• Population: 4,035,461

• Capital city: Wellington

• Inhabitants: European (78%)

• Maori (14.6%)

• Pacific and Asian peoples (6.9%)

• Official languages: English, Maori

• Religion: Christianity

• Anthem: God Defend New Zealand

• God Save the Queen

• Flag:

• Coat of arms:

• Currency: New Zealand dollar

Natural conditions:

• New Zealand has two big islands – North island and South island. The Channel of Cook is between these islands and it is 38 km wide in the narrowest point.

• There are volcanoes, lakes and mountains (New Zealand Alps with the highest point of New Zealand - Mount Cook – 3,764 m). There is a beautiful nature, too.

• The weather is cold, rainy and windy.

Government:

• New Zealand is a constitutional democracy and is a member of Commonwealth.

• Monarch: Queen Elizabeth II.

• Governor General: Anand Satyanand

• Prime minister: John Key

History:

• Maori came to New Zealand from eastern Polynesia in 1st millennium BC.

• Abel Tasman (the Netherlands) discovered New Zealand in 1642 as the first European but he thought that it was a part of South America. Then European people colonized New Zealand. They established villages and in 19th century New Zealand became a part of Great Britain.

• Europeans fought with Maori in 60s of 19th century because they had arguments about land. Maori lost and they lost their rights and land.

• New Zealand became independent in 1907 (26.9.) but cooperated with Great Britain (economic and politic cooperation). New Zealand became a member of Commonwealth in 1931.

• Then New Zealand started to cooperate with Australia and other Pacific states.

Cities:

• The cities are generally on the coast of New Zealand. The capital city, which was established by Europeans in 19th century, is Wellington. The largest city, though, is Auckland, and is called “The city of sails” because there are a lot of ports, where there are yachts and sailing boats. The third biggest city is Christchurch.

Relations with the Czech republic

• Czech tourists do not have to have visa to New Zealand.

• New Zealand has not an embassy in The Czech republic but a diplomatic substitution has Great Britain.

Population:

• Europeans are the biggest group but they came from Europe in 17th century. The original inhabitants are Maoris. Nowadays, lots of people from Asia are coming to New Zealand.

• Illiteracy (=people can not read and write ) is very low (about 1%).

Maoris

• They are original inhabitants of New Zealand. They came from eastern Polynesia in1st millennium BC.

• Maoris hunted birds Moa (they were exterminated in 13th century). Recently they have changed. Maoris are farmers, fishermen and mechanics now. The society of Maoris has three levels – aristocracy (ariki), free (tutua) and slaves (taurekareka).

• They live in small villages which are on the hills and they have houses where they meet and make a tribute for gods.

• Their typical symbol is tattoo, which is on the body and on the head and it has a spiral shape.

Rugby

• This sport is a national sport in New Zealand. The national team is called All Blacks and players dance their fighting dance before they begin a game. The name of the dance is Haka.

• The text of Haka:

• Ringa Pakia, A Ka Mate, Ka Mate Ka Ora, Ka Ora Ka Mate, Ka Mate Ka Ora, Ka Ora Tenei Te Tangata Pu Huru Huru Nana I Tiki Mai Whaka Whiti Te Ra A, Upane, Kaupane Upane Kaupane Whiti Te Ra! Hii!

• The trilogy Lord of The Rings was filmed in New Zealand.

• This is a name of one hill in New Zealand:

• Taumatawhakatangihangakoauauotamateaturipukakapikimaungahoronukupokaiwhenuakitanatahu

• Sources:

• Svět, v němž žijeme – Austrálie, Oceánie, Afrika

• Svět, v němž žijeme – Národy světa

• http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nov%C3%BD_Z%C3%A9land

• http://www.novy-zeland.i-pruvodce.eu/maorove.php