Klassik termodinamika - Classical thermodynamics accounts for the
adventures of thermodynamic systems in terms, either of their time-invariant
equilibrium states, or else of their continually repeated cyclic processes, but,
formally, not both in the same account. It uses only time-invariant, or
equilibrium, macroscopic quantities measurable in the laboratory, counting as
time-invariant a long-term time-average of a quantity, such as a flow,
generated by a continually repetitive process. Classical thermodynamics does
not admit change over time as a fundamental factor in its account of
processes. An equilibrium state stands endlessly without change over time,
while a continually repeated cyclic process runs endlessly without change
over time.
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