Nukus State Pedagogical Institute named after Ajiniyaz

1.1 Word-formation is a branch of Lexicology.
Word-formation is the branch of lexicology which studies the creation of words and also identifies the process of creating new words from the material available in the language after certain structural and semantic formulas and patterns on which the language forms new lexical units. In fact, word formation proper can solely deal with words that are easy to analyze in both structurally and semantically, for example, with all types of complexes. There is no doubt that studying a simple word usually has no place at all in forming words but, however, these simple words are closely connected with word-formation as they play an essential role in founding as well as they are known as essential sources of the major units that motivate each type of compounding and derived words. Usually, in English such wealth of vocabularies are made on the basis of borrowing and word- building, and they serve enlarging and enriching the whole vocabulary base of the language.
Prior to going to the different cycles of making words, it is valuable to dissect the connected issue of the synthesis of expressions of their constituent parts. Whenever saw basically, words have all the earmarks of being distinguishable into more modest units, which are called morphemes. Transforms don't happen as free structures, yet just as constituents of words. However, they have implications of their own. All morphemes are partitioned into two huge classes: roots and appends. The last mentioned, in their turn, fall into prefixes which go before the root in the structure of the word (as in re - read, mis articulate, un - well) and additions which follow the root (as in instruct er, mongrel - capable, dec - ate). Words which comprise of a root and an append (or a few joins) are called inferred words or subsidiaries and are delivered by the cycle of word-building, known as appendage (or induction). Inferred words are incredibly various in the English jargon. Effectively contending with this auxiliary sort is the, supposed, root word which has just a root morpheme in its structure.
Various forms and ways of shaping words are cited in the available linguistic literature on the topic. Morphological, syntactic and semantic modes of word-formation are commonly stated in books dealing with the problems of word-forming in some books of English Lexicology. The following two forms of word formation can be differentiated in accordance with the basic structural types of stems and words listed above: word derivation and word-composition (or compounding). Words formed by word-derivation have only one primary stem and one derivational affix in terms of word-formation analysis, such as cleanliness (from clean), overestimation (from to estimate), some derived terms have no affixes, since, for example, with paper (from paper), a drop, and so on, derivation is accomplished by converting. There are at least two primary stems in terms formed by word-composition, e.g., coal-black, ice-cold, looking-glass, daydream, hotbed, speedometer, etc. In addition, there are terms constructed by the simultaneous application (suffixation or conversion) of composition and derivation - derivative compounds, e.g., long-legged open-minded, breakdown and others.