Organic Reagents used in Inorganic Analysis

particular techniques. 
1. Partition Chromatography: Partition chromatography in which the 
formation of complexes and their properties are mainly applied 
includes liquid-liquid chromatography (LLC) and gas-liquid 
chromatography (GLC). The application of complexes is less 
frequent in adsorption chromatography which includes liquid-solid 
chromatography (LSC) and gas-solid chromatography (GSC). 
2. Adsorption Chromatography: Despite the fact that adsorption 
chromatography is the oldest method known; it is often applied for 
separations of inorganic compounds in presence of organic 
reagents. In LSC a solution in an organic solvent of the substance 
to be separated, is applied to column or thin layer of the 
adsorbent. The choice of the solvent is an important factor in the 
efficiency of separation. 
3. Ion-Exchangers
If organic reagents are defined as substances which take part in 
analytically useful reactions with the components being detected, 
determined or separated, then this definition also embraces organic 
ion-exchangers. This term is used to denote the solid organic 

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Inorganic Chemistry II (CHEM-363) 
 
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polymers which are insoluble in water or common organic solvents, 
but are swollen, and which possess ionic groups able to bind ions 
of the opposite charge, exchanging them in solution for an 
equivalent amount of other counter-ions of the corresponding 
charge. Ion exchangers can be used as a stationary phase in an 
ion-exchange chromatography. 
a. The ion exchangers are classified by the type of the ions being 
exchanged, as cationic exchangers. Both types of ion-
exchanger may contain various functional groups.
b. Thus 
cation-exchangers 
can 
be 
strongly 
acidic 
if 
they posses the group-SO
3
H, or weakly acidic (usually 
possessing the groups –COOH or –OH ).
c. The anion-exchangers are similarly distinguished as strongly 
basic (e.g. containing the quaternary ammonium group –
NR
3+
and weakly basic (e.g. containing the group –NH
2
)*. 
Following are the methods used in ion-exchangers technique. 
1. Ion-exchange separations with the aid of complexing 
agents. 
2. Separation on ion-exchangers saturated with complex-
forming Ions. 
3. Selective ion-exchangers