Overweight and Obesity in the Eastern Mediterranean Region
Download 5.37 Mb. Pdf ko'rish
|
- Bu sahifa navigatsiya:
- Secular Trends in the National Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity during 2007-2009 in 6-Year-Old Iranian Children
- Me ormin 2,500 Mg/Day in the Treatment of Obese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and its Effect on Weight, Hormones, and Lipid Profile.
- Effect of Zinc Supplementation on Markers of Insulin Resistance, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation Among
- Abstract OBJECTIVE
- Abstract PURPOSE
- Obesity Among Iranian Old Adult Women in Urban and Rural Areas in Guilan.
- Trends of Diabetes According to Body Mass Index Levels in Iran: Results of The National Surveys of Risk Factors of
- Abstract AIMS
|
RESULTS: Physical, social and school functioning was significantly lowered for obese when compared to normal weight children (P<.05). The impairment in QOL in the community-based sample of elementary school children was less marked than clinical sample of obese. Obese children maintain emotional health.
dimensions of quality of life at further understanding obesity in children. 100
Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 10 (8): 728-734, 2011 Lower Level of Physical Activity Predisposes Iranian Adolescent Girls to Obesity and Its Metabolic Consequences Naghmeh-Zahra Mirhosseini1, Suzana Shahar1, Noor Aini Mohd Yusoff2, Majid M. Ghayour-Mobarhan3, Ali Reza Derakhshan3 and Mohamad Taghi Shakery4 1Department of Nutri on and Diete c, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Universi Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2Faculty of Therapeu c Sciences, Masterskill University College of Health Sciences (MUCH), G-8, Jalan Kemacahaya 11, Taman Kemacahaya, Batu 9, 43200 Cheras, Selangor Dural Ehsan, Malaysia 3Department of New Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran 4Department of Sta stics, Faculty of Medicine, MUMS, Mashhad, Iran
Universi Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda, Abdul Aziz, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Physical activity has been investigated among Asian populations as a factor that influences the clustering of cardiovascular risk factors. However, the magnitude of these associations has not been well studied among adolescents, particularly in Middle East countries. This study aimed to investigate associations between physical activity level, metabolic abnormalities and body composition among adolescent girls in Iran. Socio- demographic and physical activity information were assessed using selfadministered ques onnaire in 538 adolescent girls aged 15-18 years from Mashhad high schools. Anthropometric, blood pressure and biochemical assessment were performed. Bioelectrical Impedance Analyses was applied to measure total and regional fat mass. The prevalence of overweight, obesity and metabolic syndrome was 14.6, 3.4 and 6.5% respectively. Subjects with lower levels of physical activity had higher anthropometric indices, fat mass, fat free mass and metabolic abnormalities especially systolic blood pressure. There were inverse correlations between physical activity with hypertension, dyslipidemia and body composition parameters. Physical activity was negatively associated 101
with weight (%R = 2.8 B = -0.168, p<0.0001), systolic blood pressure (%R = 3.9 B = -0.158, p<0.0001), triglyceride concentra on (%R = 3.9 B = -0.106, p<0.018) and fat free mass (%R = 4.2 B = -0.205, p<0.0001) a er adjus ng for age and socioeconomic status of family. Subjects with metabolic syndrome had lower levels of physical ac vity (1.37 vs 1.39, p<0.05) and higher basal metabolic rate (1426 kcal vs 1360, p<0.0001). To avoid increasing risk of cardiovascular diseases, programs to promote greater physical activity should be implemented.
J Res Med Sci 2011; 16(8): 979-984 Secular Trends in the National Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity during 2007-2009 in 6-Year-Old Iranian Children Mohammad Esmaeil Motlagh 1, Roya Kelishadi 2, Hasan Ziaoddini 3, Parisa Mirmoghtadaee 4, Parinaz Poursafa 5, Gelayol Ardalan 6, Marziyeh Dash 6, Tahereh Aminaee 6 1- Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran AND Bureau of Family Health, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran. 2- Professor, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran AND Child Health Promotion Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. 3- Physician, Bureau of Health and Fitness, Ministry of Education, Tehran, Iran.
4- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran AND Child Health Promotion Research Center , Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. 5- Department of Environment Protection, Environment Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. 6- Youth and School Health Office, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran. Corresponding Author: Roya Kelishadi E-mail: kelishadi@med.mui.ac.ir
102
Abstract BACKGROUND: This study aimed to determine the secular trends in the na onal prevalence of overweight and obesity among 6-year-old Iranian children, and to compare the results in Northern, Central and Southern parts of the country. METHODS: The data were collected as part of a routine and mandatory national screening program on children entering elementary schools in 2007, 2008 and 2009.
862,433 in 2007, 782,244 in 2008 and 955,388 in 2009. Of total children 12.8%, 13.5% and 10.9% were overweight in 2007, 2008 and 2009, respec vely (P > 0.05). The corresponding figures for obesity were 3.4%, 3.5% and 3.4%, respec vely (P > 0.05). In all surveys, the prevalence of overweight was higher in Southern region than in the other two regions. P for trend was not significant for prevalence rates of overweight and obesity in any of the regions.
kind in presenting the nationwide trend of overweight and obesity in young children living in a developing country. It showed a considerably high prevalence of overweight and obesity, but with a constant rate in three years. The higher prevalence of overweight in Southern region than in Central and Northern regions might be related to the lower socioeconomic position of this population. At a very young age, children's lifestyle is more under control of parents. Primordial and primary prevention efforts against the overweight epidemic can be effective and shall be further strengthened.
Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2010 Dec;282(6):691-4. Epub 2010 Jul 2. Me ormin 2,500 Mg/Day in the Treatment of Obese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and its Effect on Weight, Hormones, and Lipid Profile. Aghahosseini M, Aleyaseen A, Safdarian L, Moddaress-Hashemi S, Mofid B, Kashani L. Infertility Ward, Dr. Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
103
Abstract PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of me ormin at the dosage of 2,500 mg/day in the treatment of obese women with PCOS and also to evaluate its effect on weight, hormones, and lipid profile. METHOD: This study was a 4-month open-label clinical trial. Sixty-nine PCOS pa ents aged 20-35 were recruited in the study. Testosterone, free testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), fasting insulin, dehydroepiandrostenedione-sulphate (DHEAS), FBS, LDH, HDL, TG, total cholesterol, body mass index (BMI), and waist-to-hip ratio were measured before treatment and a er 4 months of treatment. RESULTS: Significant reductions in serum insulin, BMI, waist/hip ratio, and LDL were observed. In addition, a significant increase in SHBG was obtained. Over the 4 months of the trial, 12 pa ents faced nausea, six patients had bloating, five patients had diarrhea and two had headache; none of these symptoms were severe except for two cases that dropped out due to severe vomiting. CONCLUSION: The results of this study show that 2,500 mg daily dose of metformin in obese patients with PCOS is effective in the reduction of BMI, waist hip/ratio, LDL, serum insulin and increases SHBG. In general this dose was relatively safe and well tolerated.
Metabolism. 2010 Dec;59(12):1730-5. Epub 2010 May 23. Physical Activity is correlated with Serum Leptin Independent of Obesity: Results of the National Surveillance of Risk Factors of Noncommunicable Diseases in Iran (Surfncd-2007). Esteghamati A, Khalilzadeh O, Ashraf H, Zandieh A, Morteza A, Rashidi A, Meysamie A, Nakhjavani M. Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Vali-Asr Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 13145- 784, Tehran 14107-33141, Iran. esteghama @tums.ac.ir Abstract Reports on the relationship between leptin and physical activity (PA) at the population level are scarce. The present study examined the relationship
104
between serum leptin concentrations and PA in a nationally representative sample of 3001 Iranian adults aged 25 to 64 years. Data of our third national surveillance of risk factors of noncommunicable diseases were analyzed. Using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire, the duration and intensity of PA were evaluated in 3 domains: work, commu ng, and recreation. Total PA was calculated using metabolic equivalents for PA intensity. Serum leptin was measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. After adjustment for age, area of residence, smoking, body mass index, and waist circumference, total PA (r = -0.129, P = .038 in men and r = -0.226, P = .006 in women), the dura on of vigorous- intensity activity (r = -0.120, P = .044 in men and r = -0.154, P = .019 in women), the duration of moderate-intensity activity (r = -0.114, P = .047 in men and r = -0.160, P = .018 in women), and me spent on sedentary behaviors (r = 0.194, P = .014 in men and r = -0.204, P = .007 in women) were significantly correlated with serum leptin. In both sexes, participants in higher categories of PA had significantly lower serum leptin levels. In conclusion, our results demonstrated an inverse association between leptin concentrations and PA independent of age, sex, smoking, and body adiposity. Our results point to the regulatory effects of PA on serum leptin.
Metab Syndr Relat Disord. 2010 Dec;8(6):505-10. Epub 2010 Oct 28. Effect of Zinc Supplementation on Markers of Insulin Resistance, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation Among Prepubescent Children With Metabolic Syndrome. Kelishadi R, Hashemipour M, Adeli K, Tavakoli N, Movahedian-Attar A, Shapouri J, Poursafa P, Rouzbahani A. Department of Pediatric Preventive Cardiology, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. kroya@aap.net Abstract OBJECTIVE: This trial aimed to evaluate the effects of zinc sulfate in comparison with placebo on markers of insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and inflammation in a sample of obese prepubescent children.
trial was conducted among 60 obese Iranian children in 2008. Par cipants were randomly assigned to two groups of equal number; one group received 20 mg of elemental zinc and the other group received placebo 105
on a regular daily basis for 8 weeks. A er a 4-week washout period, the groups were crossed over. In addition to anthropometric measures and blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, lipid profile, insulin, apolipoproteins A-1 (ApoA-I) and B, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), leptin, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), and malondialdehyde were determined at all four stages of the study. RESULTS: Irrespective of the order of receiving zinc and placebo, in both groups, significant decrease was documented for Apo B/ApoA-I ratio, ox- LDL, leptin and malondialdehyde, total and LDL-cholesterol after receiving zinc without significant change after receiving placebo. In groups, hs-CRP and markers of insulin resistance decreased significantly after receiving zinc, but increased after receiving placebo. In both groups, the mean body mass index (BMI) Z-score remained high, after receiving zinc, the mean weight, BMI, BMI Z-score decreased significantly, whereas these values increased after receiving placebo.
deleterious consequences of childhood obesity and early changes in markers of inflammatory and oxidative stress. We suggest exploring the direct clinical application of zinc supplementation in childhood obesity in future studies.
Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2010 Dec;282(6):691-4. Epub 2010 Jul 2. Metformin 2,500 Mg/Day in the Treatment of Obese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and its Effect on Weight, Hormones, and Lipid Profile. Aghahosseini M, Aleyaseen A, Safdarian L, Moddaress-Hashemi S, Mofid B, Kashani L. Infertility Ward, Dr. Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
of me ormin at the dosage of 2,500 mg/day in the treatment of obese women with PCOS and also to evaluate its effect on weight, hormones, and lipid profile. METHOD: This study was a 4-month open-label clinical trial. Sixty-nine PCOS pa ents aged 20-35 were recruited in the study. Testosterone, free 106
testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), fasting insulin, dehydroepiandrostenedione-sulphate (DHEAS), FBS, LDH, HDL, TG, total cholesterol, body mass index (BMI), and waist-to-hip ratio were measured before treatment and a er 4 months of treatment. RESULTS: Significant reductions in serum insulin, BMI, waist/hip ratio, and LDL were observed. In addition, a significant increase in SHBG was obtained. Over the 4 months of the trial, 12 pa ents faced nausea, six patients had bloating, five patients had diarrhea and two had headache; none of these symptoms were severe except for two cases that dropped out due to severe vomiting. CONCLUSION: The results of this study show that 2,500 mg daily dose of metformin in obese patients with PCOS is effective in the reduction of BMI, waist hip/ratio, LDL, serum insulin and increases SHBG. In general this dose was relatively safe and well tolerated.
J Health Popul Nutr. 2010 Dec;28(6):602-9. Gender Differences in Obesogenic Behaviour, Socioeconomic and Metabolic Factors in a Population-Based Sample of Iranians: The IHHP Study. Tavassoli AA, Gharipour M, Khosravi A, Kelishadi R, Siadat ZD, Bahonar A, Sadri GH, Sadeghi M, Rabiei K, Sajjadi F, Zarfeshani S, Eshrati B, Shirani S, Sarrafzadegan N. Cardiology Department, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Abstract This study investigated the gender differences in association of some behavioural and socioeconomic factors with obesity indices in a population- based sample of 12,514 Iranian adults. The mean body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were significantly higher in women than in men. Current and passive smoking had an inverse association with BMI among males whereas current smoking, transportation by a private car, and longer duration of watching television (TV) had a positive association with BMI among females. Current and passive smoking, cycling, and Global Dietary Index (GDI) had an inverse association with WC among males. Higher consumption of fruits and vegetables, current and passive smoking, duration of daily sleep, and GDI had an inverse association with WC among females. Using a private car for
107
transportation had a significant positive association with WHR among both males and females. Living in an urban area, being married, and having a higher education level increased the odds ratio of obesity among both the genders. Non-manual work also increased this risk among males whereas watching TV and current smoking increased this risk among females. Such gender differences should be considered for culturally-appropriate interventional strategies to be implemented at the population level for tackling obesity and associated cardiometabolic risk factors.
Int J Cardiol. 2010 Nov 5;145(1):44-5. Epub 2009 May 5. Obesity Among Iranian Old Adult Women in Urban and Rural Areas in Guilan. Maddah M, Sharami SH. Abstract This study aimed to describe the prevalence of overweight and obesity in a population of women older than 50 years (50-83 years) in urban and rural areas in Guilan. A total number of 731 women aged 50 years and above were randomly selected from the urban area (n=420) and rural areas (n=291). Data on age, educa onal levels, employment status, parity, body weight and height were collected. Prevalence of overweight/obesity was higher among older women in the urban area than rural areas (82.1% vs. 66.1% p<0.0001). Overweight/obesity was not related to educational level in this population. In conclusion, these results showed that overweight and obesity is highly prevalent among older women in the urban and rural areas in Guilan. Obesity in old age is associated with a poor quality of life. Preventive measures may lessen the burden of disease and impaired quality of life associated with excess weight. 108
Diabet Med. 2010 Nov;27(11):1233-40. doi: 10.1111/j.1464- 5491.2010.03103.x. Trends of Diabetes According to Body Mass Index Levels in Iran: Results of The National Surveys of Risk Factors of Non-Communicable Diseases (1999-2007). Esteghamati A, Ashraf H, Khalilzadeh O, Rashidi A, Mohammad K, Asgari F, Abbasi M. Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Vali-Asr Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. esteghamati@tums.ac.ir Erratum in: Diabet Med. 2011 Jan;28(1):129. Rshidi, A [corrected to Rashidi, A]. Abstract AIMS: The prevalence of diabetes is increasing dramatically worldwide. Less is known about whether this trend is similar among obese and lean individuals.
surveys in adults aged 25-64 years: the Na onal Health Survey-1999 (n=21,576), and the na onal Surveys of Risk Factors of Non-Communicable Diseases (SuRFNCD)-2005 (n=70,981) and SuRFNCD-2007 (n=4233). Diagnosed diabetes was ascertained, and height and weight were measured in all surveys. In SuRFNCD-2005 and SuRFNCD-2007, fas ng plasma glucose was used to identify subjects with newly diagnosed diabetes (≥ 7 mmol/l) and impaired fas ng glucose (5.6 - 6.9 mmol/l) among individuals not reporting diabetes.
sex and residen al area) was 2.5, 4.0 and 4.6% in 1999, 2005 and 2007, respec vely. The total prevalence of diabetes increased from 7.7% in 2005 to 8.7% in 2007, about half of which was attributed to newly diagnosed disease (in both surveys). The prevalence of diabetes increased in all categories of obesity, with the most evident trend being among subjects with body mass index <25 kg/m(2) .
increased more than 1.8-fold in a period of only 8 years since 1999. This is
|
