O‘zbekiston respublikasi oliy ta’lim, fan va innovatsiyalar vazirligi mirzo ulug`bek nomidagi

NEOLOGISM AS A RESULT OF THE NOMINATION PROCESS 
 
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8138854
  
Khojamuratova Gulimxan Saparbayevna 
teacher of Tashkent University of Applied Sciences, Tashkent-Uzbekistan 
Annotation: This article is depicted to neologisms which is a result of the 
nomination process in language linguistics. It is very actual problems in linguistics 
nowadays. During the 20
th
century and the beginning of the 21st century the 

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process of broadening of the old fields of nomination and appearing of the new 
ones which is explained by the rapid development in the science, culture, mass 
media. 
Key words: neological boom, rhyming, abbreviation, acronym, suffixes, 
prefixes, sounds, terminology, synthesize. 
 
Relative stability of the nomination process provides the broadening of the 
nominating abilities of the language and opportunities of their usage for any 
creative aims. Appearing of new events, machines, scientific discoveries, etc. i.e. 
the evolution of the human culture causes the evolution in the language as there is 
a need of nomination these new things which come into man’s life. This language 
evolution is expressed in the change of nomination, i.e. correlation between form 
and meaning of the vocabulary unit. 
Thus it the vocabulary of the language which is the first to undergo the 
process of changes (unlike the grammar or phonetics which are hardly changes 
within decades). James Murray said: “It is not today what it was a century ago, still 
less what it will be a century hence. Its constituent elements are in a state of slow 
but incessant dissolution and renovation. Old words are ever becoming obsolete 
and dying out; new words are continually pressing in” [1,p.146]. 
During the 20
th
century and the beginning of the 21st century the process of 
broadening of the old fields of nomination and appearing of the new ones which is 
explained by the rapid development in the science, culture, mass media. Any new 
conception or device which comes to the human life needs to be fixed in the 
languages. And it’s obvious that nowadays “the English language just like any 
other European language is now facing a neological boom” [2,p.165]. 
John Ayto, a lexicographer and author of The Oxford Dictionary of Modern 
Slang and A Century of New Words, writes: “Every year about 900 new words, or 
neologisms, enter the English language. The process by which a word becomes 
established is fairly clear: first, people in positions of influence must use it. Then 
comes a tipping point, when so many people use a neologism that it spreads like 

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wildfire. The media are crucial to spreading new words quickly. Once a word has 
been in existence for some time, and is used by different sources, it enters the 
dictionary and the language. The criteria for entry are not fixed; it’s more of a 
hunch that a word is going to be around for a while” [3,p.15]. 
A neologism is a word, term, or phrase which has been recently created 
("coined") — often to apply to new concepts, to synthesize pre-existing concepts, 
or to make older terminology sound more contemporary. Neologisms are 
especially useful in identifying inventions, new phenomena, or old ideas which 
have taken on a new cultural context. The term "e-mail", as used today, is an 
example of a neologism.
Neologisms are by definition "new", and as such are often directly 
attributable to a specific individual, publication, period or event. The term 
"neologism" was itself coined around 1800; so for some time in the early 19th 
century, the word "neologism" was itself a neologism. 
Neologisms can also refer to an existing word or phrase which has been 
assigned a new meaning. No new scientific or cultural phenomenon is possible 
without neologisms, new words or new interpretations of old words to describe and 
explain reality in new ways. How could Aristotle have developed the logic of 
syllogisms or Newton the theory of dynamics without new vocabularies and 
definitions? They were neologists, and everybody wanting to contribute new 
knowledge must be. For new knowledge there is no way around the creation of 
new terms and concepts. To reject neologisms, often despicably, is to reject 
scientific and cultural development of the humankind.
Neologisms tend to occur more often in cultures which are rapidly changing, 
and also in situations where there is easy and fast propagation of information. They 
are often created by combining existing words or by giving words new and unique 
suffixes or prefixes. Those which are portmanteaux are shortened. Neologisms can 
also be created through abbreviation or acronym, by intentionally rhyming with 
existing words, or simply through playing with sounds.

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Neologisms often become popular through memetics – by way of mass 
media, the Internet, word of mouth (including academic discourse, renowned for 
its jargon, with recent coinages such as Fordism, Taylorism, Disneyfication and 
McDonaldization now in everyday use). Every word in a language was, at some 
time, a neologism, ceasing to be such through time and acceptance. 
Neologisms often become accepted parts of the language. Other times, 
however, they disappear from common usage. Whether a neologism continues as