O‘zbekiston respublikasi oliy va o‘rta maxsus ta’lim vazirligi toshkent moliya instituti shadmanbekova Kamola Amaliy ingliz tili fanidan mustaqil ta’limni tashkil etish bo‘yicha

Task 4. Writing
Answer the questions in written form.
What kind of features of International markets do you know?
How much do International markets affect to the economy of your country?
Write your own opinion (about 150 words)
Task 5. Presentation
Make a presentation (8-12 slides) on the topic: “International markets”


SELF STUDY 9
Task 1. Vocabulary


Exercise 1.Complete the conversation below with the words in the box.

afraid how opinion perhaps see so views why

Claire One proposal is that we bring out a new product under the Topalino brand.

So, what are your . . . . . . . . . . . .' on this?
Nikola In my . . . . . . . . . . .' , this is the best solution if we want to regain market share.
Ivan . . . . . . . . . . ..' don't we focus on our pricing policy first? Isn't thai the key issue?
Jasmina I'm . . . . . . . . . . . " I can't agree. What we need to do to begin with is reposition our market leader.
Rick . . . . . . . . . . . .s about doing bolh, Jasmina? We can certainly bring out a new product and reposition another at the same time.
Jasmina . . . . . . .' what you mean, but we've got to start somewhere, and thinking about our best·selling product is what's most important at this stage .
Claire I think . . . . . . . .' we could agree to bring out a new product later this year.


Task 2. Reading
Functions of money
You have to go back a long way in history to find a time without money a time when there was no money. People exchanged goods and services for other goods and services. This system is still called barter, and some people still use only this system. They exchange goods and services with one another by bar­tering.
Money is better than swapping for a number of reasons. In the first place, money is accepted by people in exchange for goods and services. Therefore, it serves as a medium of exchange. Before it can do that, however, it has to be accepted by the people in the society. They have to believe in its value or it won't become a medium of exchange.
Paper money and coins, which together are called currency, are common form of money. They are a medium of exchange in most countries because they are accepted for their value. You will accept paper money or coins for your work, for example, in a sports equipment store.
A second reason why money works better than bartering relates to value in a cave society, jewelry was not considered as valuable as tools. How do you determine what the jewelry is worth? That's where money can be very helpful. In deter­mining the value or worth of one thing in relation to another, money becomes a standard of value. The jewelry is worth so much money. The tools are worth this much money. Money has become the com­mon standard of value. And it's much easier to compare values by looking at price tags than by comparing one item to another.
American standard of value is the dollar and all the coins, like pen­nies and nickels, that are part of the dollar. Other currencies serve the same purpose in other countries. Goods and services are valued in terms of rubles in Russia, pesos in Mexico. What the money is called or how it looks doesn't really matter. What matters is that it is accepted as a medium of exchange and a standard of value within that nation.
There is a third important function that money serves, which bartering cannot. In some tribal societies, cattle were swapped for other things. But cattle grow old, and as they grow old they are usually worth less. Eventually, they die. It wouldn’t be very useful, then, to save cattle as a means of increasing your future purchasing power. Money, on the other hand, can be stored or kept for later use. It has a store of value. By itself it is worth something. It can increase your worth or value. To be used as money, an item must be scarce. If the supply of an item is unlimited, or overly plentiful, it loses its value. Thus, it could not very well serve as money or as a story of value since it would have little worth. People would lose faith in its value as a medium of exchange. Coins and paper money serve well enough. They are convenient and long- lasting or can be easily replaced. They help to make and keep money valuable.