Paper • open access machine for carrying out work on deep soiling with the simultaneous application of liquid organic fertilizers To cite this article: n b martynova et al 2020 J. Phys.: Conf. Ser

1. Introduction 
The predominant type of soil in the Moscow region is over-moor-covered silty loam, clayey soils are 
also a fairly common phenomenon. The water permeability of such soils is very low, the filtration 
coefficient is in the range of 0.005 - 0.5 m / day, which complicates the outflow of surface waters into 
the underlying horizons [1]. To improve the soil structure, create favorable conditions for the growth 
and development of plants, increase the pore volume for the free movement of groundwater, and carry 
out the outflow of surface water into the underlying ground layers, a complex of agromeliorative 
measures is envisaged for deep loosening of the soil [2]. This type of work provides for the creation of 
a homogeneous soil structure with an increased pore space not only in the plow horizon, but also in the 
underlying layer to a depth of 0.5 - 0.8 m. In old arable lands at a depth of 30-40 cm, a “sub-bottom” is 
formed - a local the seal that occurs after repeated passage of the undercarriage of agricultural 
machinery. In this case, the outflow of surface groundwater to the underlying layers is significantly 
slowed down, waterlogging the arable layer [3]. Carrying out agromeliorative measures for deep 
loosening will make it possible to break the subcutaneous sole and achieve a homogeneous fine crumbly 
soil structure in the arable and underlying layers [16]. The use of passive working bodies for deep 
loosening will exclude mixing of the upper fertile and lower underlying layers, therefore, the soil profile 

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APITECH II
Journal of Physics: Conference Series
1679 (2020) 042091
IOP Publishing
doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1679/4/042091
2
and its qualitative characteristics will not change. To improve the subsoil structure, increase soil fertility 
and create optimal conditions for the growth and development of agricultural crops, it is proposed to 
simultaneously apply liquid organic fertilizers to the root zone of plants [7]. It is proposed to introduce 
liquid organic fertilizers into the enlarged pore space formed after the ripper passes, the recommended 
application rate is 20-30 t/ha [9]. The applied fertilizers are evenly distributed in the loosened soil 
structure throughout the entire arable horizon. The combination of these technological operations will 
reduce the number of machine passes along one track, which will lead to a decrease in pressure on the 
soil, an increase in the productivity of work and saving material and labor resources [15]. 
The purpose of the research is to analyze the possibility of combining technological operations for 
deep loosening of heavy mineral soils and the introduction of liquid organic fertilizers, and to propose 
a design of a machine for simultaneous loosening to a depth of 0.5 m with the introduction of liquid 
mineral fertilizers into the arable layer [11].