Objectives:
Students will learn the spelling rule for adding the letters es to plural nouns.
Students will learn the spelling rule for adding the letters es to verbs.
About the Concept:
There are two instances of language arts word endings in which the letter s is added to the spelling of root words: 1. We add the suffix s to nouns when we wish to indicate more than one of something (spelling rules for plural form of words), and 2. We add the suffix s to verbs so that they will agree with the subject of the sentence (spelling rules for subject/verb agreement). In the first case, we change a noun from singular to plural when we convert the word dog to dogs or the word cat to cats. In the second case, we add the letter s to verbs that are used with a third person subjects like he, she, it, or nouns that can replace these pronouns. Examples: He jumps, she hops, it swims, Johnny skips, the dog barks. These general rules, however, do not apply to all nouns and verbs. There are some cases in which the letters es must be used instead of the letter s when forming plurals (Example: foxes) or third person verbs (Example: he pitches). Notice that when we pronounce the words foxes and pitches, the letters es form a separate syllable. In the song More Than One (from Sing Your Way Through Phonics, Vol. 2), students learn that if a word ends with the letters s, f, x, sh, ch, or z, we must first add the letter e before adding the letter s. The song gives students practice in forming plurals and verbs that require es endings and is an important part of the sequence of study targeting prefix and suffix activities for word recognition. For additional activities with prefixes, roots, and suffixes, see Hats and Boots in Sing Your Way Through Phonics, Vol. 3. In addition to young readers and writers, ESL students will find this song helpful in mastering the rules for plurals and verb endings in English.
Materials:
Sing Your Way Through Phonics Volume 2 CD, Tracks 19 and 20 (Listen to audio sample)
Sing Your Way Through Phonics Volume 2 Mini-Charts (pp. 85-102)
Index cards with one word printed on each card: buses, kisses, messes, glasses, dresses, calves, halves, hooves, elves, thieves, foxes, fixes, mixes, faxes, boxes, crashes, wishes, brushes, flashes, dishes, peaches, watches, churches, lunches, munches, buzzes, fizzes, frizzes, razzes, jazzes
(Optional) Box or bucket and crumpled piece of notebook paper
Note: If you do not have the CD or Mini-Charts, you can still teach this plural nouns and e-s endings lesson plan using the folk tune listed on the More Than One Song Lyrics page. You can create your own mini-charts using the words in bold print letters in each verse of the Song Lyrics.
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will help us with our spelling.” Turn to Mini-Charts p. 86 and point to the words dog and dogs. Ask, “If we want to write about more than one dog, what letter do we need to add to the word?” (s) Point to the words cat and cats. “If we want to write about more than one cat, what letter do we need to add to the word cat?” (s)
Ask, “Which words on this page are singular?” (dog, cat) “What does singular mean?” (one of something) “Which words on this page are plural?” (dogs, cats) “What does plural mean?” (more than one of something) “What letter do we usually add when changing from singular to plural?” (s) Say, “But there are some words where we don’t just add the letter s to make plurals. In this song, we are going to learn about words where we need to add the letters e and s to form plurals.”
Say, “There is another case where we usually add the letter s. That is when we use an action word with the words he, she, or it.” Point to Mini-Charts p. 87 and ask, “What happens to the action word jump when we change the sentence from I jump to He jumps?” (add the letter s) “What happens to the action word hop when we change the sentence from I hop to She hops?” (add the letter s) Say, “This song will also teach us when we have to add the letters e-s to action words when used with the words he or she.”
Say, “Let’s listen to the song and when it’s over, I’ll ask you when we will be using the e-s ending instead of the s ending for plurals and action words.” Play Track 19 of Sing Your Way Through Phonics Vol. 2 while pointing to the Mini-Charts pp. 86-102.
Follow-up:
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