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Key words: Turkish- Russia relation, Caucasus, military-air forces, Kurdistan,
Baku – Tbilisi-Djehan, Redjep Erdogan, Vladimir Putin 20 MONOGRAFIA POKONFERENCYJNA vices, but Turkmen insurgents are trained and supplied Turkey – on the earth through border to Syria has shot and has killed another as he was a parachute from the plane. The Russian military men as- serted, that the Turkish action was planned-charge which has given up to the Turkish Joint Staff. Originally having con- firmed, that its rules the President of Turkey Redjep Erdogan has expressed a regret apropos failure of the plane and its hope that crisis can be resolved. From measures which were immediately under- taken by Russian, apparently, that Mos- cow is ready such incident. The Russian government has entered economic sanc- tions, which Turkish trading, building and tourist sectors, exchanges which Tur- key immensely have benefited. 1 However, the shooting down of the Russian bomber aircraft was not the cause, but rather the symptom, of a tec- tonic reversal in the geopolitical dynam- ics underlying prior cooperation between the two countries. The most remarkable feature of the crisis between Russia and Turkey is that they continued to maintain their strong economic relations, including approximately 30 billion USD in annual trade between 2011 and 2014, agreement on the building of Turkey’s first nuclear power plant by Russia in 2008, and be- tween three and four million Russian tourists visiting Turkey every year. How- ever, despite developing strong economic ties, Russia and Turkey have continued to have significant and very consequential 1 Erdem Özlük, “Uluslararası İlişkilerde Özür Dilemek: Özrün Kuramı”, Uluslararası İlişkiler, 11(44), 2015, p. 51-78. geopolitical conflicts of interest over Cau- casus 2 In the military relation Russia declared expansion more advanced S-400 rockets of a class “earth-air” in Syria and continued to strengthen positions Turkmen brigades which Turkey has organized, has trained, supplied with the weapon and money and supported completely in their struggle against Asad. Actually, the Russian mili- tary-air forces have been destroyed these brigades as within the limits of campaign of Moscow for easing so-called moderated insurgents in Syria, and also to strike back in Turkey for knocking down. But Moscow has not undertaken any steps on reduction of volume of gas which it delivers to Turkey and did not use depen- dence of Turkey on Russia for 55 percent of consumption of gas. Nowadays the political situation in the Caucasian region is ousting as an information agenda events around the Middle East and Ukraine. However, despite attention of experts and diplomats, this re- gion still keeps its the strategic importance. At first, this region appeared as a unre- solved conflict where mostly confrontations has happening between Azerbaijan and Ar- menia. Azerbaijan had been destroyed Ar- menian military helicopter Mi-24 and these incidents became the first cases of destruc- tion of a fighting vehicle of aircraft and utili- zation of the tank technics in a conflict zone. 3 2 Idiz, Semih. “Will Turkey risk military confron- tation with Russia?”, Al Monitor, February 2, 2016. ankara-into-fight.html> 3 http://www.kavkaz-uzel.ru/articles/252305/ 2014.- 13 ноября. //https://lenta.ru/ news/2015/12/09/karabakh 2015. – 9 декабря http://m.lenta.ru/news/2016/04/02/karabah/ 2016.- 2 апреля. 21 PHILOLOGY, SOCIOLOGY AND CULTUROLOGY №14 Secondly, Russia and the USA still con- sider Southern Caucasus as area for a geopo- litical competition, and events around Ukraine only shade, but have not cancelled this fact. For Russia incorporating seven republics of the North Caucasus and with neighboring countries sees as internal political notice, espe- cially in security sphere. If we look interest of Turkey to Caucasus we can define it following several base factors. First, it has strong communications with Azer- baijan. Ankarа recognized independence of this country on December, 9th, 1991, after signing of agreements. And for the last quarter of the century two states have signed strategic allies. Turkey consistently supports territorial integrity of Azerbaijan also censure actions of Armenia in Карабахе. Turkish military men accept active participation in preparation of the Azerbaijan officer. Also Azerbaijan and Turkey are involved in various power projects such as Baku – Tbilisi- Djehan and Baku – Tbilisi – Erzurum and in- frastructural programs like railway of Baku- gasped – Akhalklaki -Tbilisi-Kars). 4 Secondly, the considerable role is played by the factor of the Caucasian diasporas. Ac- cording to information 10 % of the popula- tions of modern Turkey have communication with Northern Caucasus and Transcaucasia. Approximate number of natives from Cauca- sian region is estimated in 3-5 million per- sons, Azerbaijanis – 3 million, the Georgian – 2-3 million. Many of them conduct active public and the lobbyist and many of them are presented in army, parliament, and media 4 Aydin M. Changing Dynamics of Turkish For- eign and Security Policies in the Caucasus // Reas- sessing Security in the South Caucasus Regional Conflicts and Transformation. Ashgate Publishing Company. 2011. P. 117–120. structures. Among the most influential orga- nization are Kafka’s Derneği («the Caucasian Association»), Kafka’s Vakf and Birleşik Kaf- ka’s Dernekleri Federasyonu Federation the Caucasian associations »). 5 Hence, we speak about division of the Caucasian region in a case of confronting zone between Russia and Turkey, we can pres- ent three scenario The first is struggle for preservation of the present status quo. Russia, not having resolved problems in Syria and Ukraine, hardly will want to break a current situation on the Caucasus Download 1.75 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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