cd ..../src/tutorial
$
psql -s mydb
...
mydb=
>
\i basics.sql
The
\i
command reads in commands from the specified file. The
-s
option puts you in single step mode
which pauses before sending each statement to the server. The commands used in this section are in the
file
basics.sql
.
2.2. Concepts
PostgreSQL is a relational database management system (RDBMS). That means it is a system for man-
aging data stored in relations. Relation is essentially a mathematical term for table. The notion of storing
data in tables is so commonplace today that it might seem inherently obvious, but there are a number of
other ways of organizing databases. Files and directories on Unix-like operating systems form an example
of a hierarchical database. A more modern development is the object-oriented database.
Each table is a named collection of rows. Each row of a given table has the same set of named columns,
and each column is of a specific data type. Whereas columns have a fixed order in each row, it is important
to remember that SQL does not guarantee the order of the rows within the table in any way (although they
can be explicitly sorted for display).
Tables are grouped into databases, and a collection of databases managed by a single PostgreSQL server
instance constitutes a database cluster.
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