Практикум по правилам чтения для студентов I курса неязыковых факультетов. Часть I

Exercise 1

1. 
   Cod – code – cork – core mat – mate – mar – mare
   

stock – stoke – storm – store plum – plume – blur – lure

shot – shone – short – shore punch – pule – purr – pure

net – neat – nerve – near Nack – shake – shark – share

hen – heat – her – here stack – stake – star – stare

quench – queen – perm – queer cut – cute – curt – cure

fin – fine – fir – fire sit – site – sir – sire

spit – spite – spirt – spire

Exercise 2

'Safe, 'even, 'mine, tube, 'nylon, due, life, style, dry, same, smoke, fame, mile, pole, drive, 'duty, 'eve, those, 'battle, club, jump, much, 'subject, myth, lorry, re'sult, 'butter, cute, pigs, 'budget, 'tiny.

Exercise 3

Bare, pure, care, core, rare, pre'pare, square, fire, 'tired, cure, 'merely, 'circus, star, chart, 'Turkey, term, 'surface, serve, 'hardly, 'organize, trans'form, force, firm, 'murder, 'turnip, con'serve, shore, sphere.

Exercise 4

Pet, peep, been, bee, sleeve, end, mess, bee, smell, seed, life, lift, pine, pin, tie, lie, side, snip, snipe, by, bind, fight, mild, find, site, sight, bay, maid, fleece, pale, cliff, cite, 'tailor, pain, mat, cede, cave, fat.

Exercise 5

Star, wrack, sharp, spends, bone, charm, weave, wrap, bold, doom, coke, fees, witch, arch, cool, whale, cock, wreck, cash, seems, wrist, wheat, boar, wheeze, took, pool, sold, told, shells, whence, while.

Exercise 6

'Tower, wing, pink, quite, worm, knelt, 'diagram, hire, 'power, single, flank, quaint, worst, knave, 'diary, spire, 'flower, sprinkle, quake, worth, knob, 'via, 'wiry, sung, quack, words, knees, 'diamond, shire, 'shower, quest, 'worthy, tire, knives, 'pioneer, de'sire, vio'lin, wires, tire, 'angry.

Exercise 7

Crew, suc'cess, arti'ficial, bathe, laugh, whole, de'cay, 'storage, knuckle, 'moisture, be'hind, sidle, me'chanic, 'pressure, caught, 'virgin, 'naughty, 'fountain, 'sympathy, o'bey, 'feather, sledge, pew, true, exact, cow, 'casque, aunt, a'ware.

Exercise 8

Sport, wove, slave, solve, hunt, ward, hard, stove, worry, hurry, pause, care, ware, as, was, soar, sour, sore, war, pore, square, spoor, flour, more, moor, pure, urge, lynx, hear, room, raze, roam, here, prey, tire, fair, raise, rise, rood, rude, four, or, there, hair, their, they, fare, fur, far, fire, cool, coal, curl, girl, dire, dear, true, warm, work, farm, where, your, tyre, fear, deal, air, quire, world, noun.

Exercise 9

Deep snow, clean seat, raw meat, new grain, each toy, low voice, flew low, smooth Brown, shrewd boy, grey soil, new glue, good wood, frail mail, green paint, main jail, took aim, wool goat, staunch crowd, gay queen, plain boot, low lawn, round cloud, foul hawk, sharp teeth, new tooth, dark hood, proud joy, loud noise, good choice, cheep clay, sea coast.

Exercise 10

Calf – carve, loose – lose, lip – fib, heat – heed, duck – dug, fetch – edge, lent – lend, sink – sing, cliff – live – leaf – leave, bit – bid – beat – bead. Give me five minutes. I believe in a good laugh. Please, use a pencil. His ties look nice. I need a good guide. He died at night. He used to buy used cars. He meets us in Leeds. He left his 'luggage in a 'village pub. Put out your tongue. I think things are changing.

Exercise 11 [ æ – e ]

Man, hand, bad, cap, hat, back, stand back. The man had his hat in his hand. Man – men, land – lend, gas – guess. Fin – fen – fan, miss – mess – mass, bit – bet – bat, bid – bed – bad. Bit – bid, bet – bed, bat – bad. Can I get a black hat? Mack’s neck is fat. The cat has 'blackspecks on her back. He let the cat out of the bag. Lend us a hand. My bed isn’t bad. She has a bad leg. I never said that. The man had ten tinned cans in his bag.

Exercise12 [ O – L ], [ æ – υ ]

Got, lock, Tom. The pot is hot. He stopped the clock. Got – gut, lock – luck, gone – gun. The gun has gone off. She’s sung a song. Tom got a shock in the hot hut. Mop – mob, got – god, dock – dog. Tom is fond of hock. You’ve got a nice job. Short, talk, horn, law, more. They talked about Maude’s naughty daughter. No, home, moment. I don’t smoke. Law – low, court – coat, hall – hole. I bought a boat. The porter had mown the lawn. Court – cord, coat – code. He’s short of cord. Maude bought a long board. They found the code in his coat. Shot – short, lot – lord, fog – fork. Bob knocked at the door. We’ve got four bottles of Scotch. Cut – cot – caught – coat, cud – cod – cord – code.

Exercise 13 [ eI ]

Day, game, make, face, nation. Let’s play a game. Haste makes waste. Play – plays – place, may – made – mate, pain – pained – paint. He waits – he wades. His pains were in vain. He stayed in that state till May.

Exercise 14 [ I, υ, q, jυ: ]

Fear, idea, fierce. He feared her tears. The fierce storm filled us with fears. Fee – fear, peace – pierce, bead – beard. She hears him sneeze. Poor, sure, tour. What can’t be cured must be endured. Are you sure the doors are secured? Shoe – sure, two – tour, queue – cure. I am sure this is a tour for you too. Hair, share, affair, scarce. They glared and stared at the bear. Take care of your fair hair. May – mare, ways – wears. Can you pay my fare? Dear – dare, fear – fare, really – rarely. I fear it’s not fair. Can you spare a bottle of beer? 'Zero, 'period, ma'terial. The in'terior of the 'theatre was 'seriously 'damaged.

Exercise 15 [ q: ]

Fur, firm, nurse, 'service, oc'curring. My turn comes first. Don’t 'dirty your new shirt. The nurse pulled back the 'curtains. Word, work, worse. His first 'verses are even worse. The early bird catches the worm. Fur – firs – first, learn – learns – learnt. Hurt – herd, burnt – turned. I heard the girl was hurt. First come, first served. The third word is a verb. Fir – fare, stir – stare, early – fairly. Where do you work? It was 'dirty in there.

Exercise 16 [ z – s ]

Zinc – sync, zip – sip, z – said. See, set, sick, seat, 'supper. He seems to be sea-sick. I’ve never seen such sunsets. I like soup for supper. Sing a song of 'sixpence. He sug'gested a 'system of 'simple 'symbols.

Exercise 17 [ ω, tω, ω – V ]

Win, weak, white. In winter the 'weather was wet and windy. What a wonderful week-end! We 'wondered where 'William went. West – vest, wine – vine, 'William – 'village. He went on a 'visit to the West Indies. What a 'wonderful voice! We waited in vain for William and his wife. This word is a verb. We 'never know the 'value of water till the well is dry.

Exercise 18 [ t, d, Id ]

Cramped, boxed, listed, plotted, hoped, worked, walked, fasted, hooked, passed, lasted, standed, roofed, sanded, called, curved, minded, knifed, dried, talked, charged, lighted, clipped, pressed, sealed, cited, backed, locked, rushed, nodded, aimed, waved.

Exercise 19

'Binary, 'parallel, math, mathe'matics, mathema'tician, mathe'matical a'nalysis, 'algorithm, ana'lytical ge'ometry, ex'periment, 'quadrate, circle, 'finite, 'digit, 'value, a'rithmetic, 'quantity, 'quality, e'quality, ad'dition, sub'traction, multipli'cation, di'vision, sign, 'minus, root, 'sequence, di'agonally, square, 'segment, 'calculus, axio'matic, 'figure, 'property, sim'plicity, true, u'niquely, so'lution, 'length, 'frequent, 'vector, 'vertically, hori'zontally.

Exercise 20

'Data, 'area, com'puting, de'vice, 'cable, 'laser, 'portable, 'mobile, 'programmer, 'expert, 'software, 'modem, 'palmtop, 'package, ca'pacity, 'channel, 'circuit, 'cursor, de'bug, configu'ration, ֽauto'mation, 'virus, se'curity, multi'media, 'graphics, ro'botics, 'satellite, 'mainframe, 'hardware, 'microchip, 'error, a'dapter, 'liquid, 'crystal, com'patible.

Exercise 21

Con'verter, 'register, 'chipboard, pixel, de'lete, 'digital, 'multiple, 'query, syn'chronous, 'bulletin board, 'object-oriented, 'fibre-optic, peri'pheral, 'pirate, en'vironment, 'signature, 'access, to 'access, 'database, ex'ternal, 'analog, source, 'schema, 'schedule, 'data 'storage, 'programming 'languages, ma'chine trans'lation, on'line 'service, 'technical sup'port.

Exercise 22

Computer, 'microcomputer, 'notebook, 'archives, appli'cation, 'wire, 'wireless, de'bugging, 'server, 'character, 'symbol, tech'nology, 'motherboard, 'kernel, in'ternal, 'malfunction, dis'play, 'screen, e'quipment, con'ductive, ac'cumulator, 'central pro'cessing 'unit, 'computer 'science, 'analyst 'programmer, arti'ficial in'telligence.

Exercise 23

'Physics, 'physicist, e'lectron, elec'tronics, me'chanics, 'hydro'dynamics, thermody'namics, la'boratory, 'molecule, mo'lecular, pulse, 'ion, i'onosphere, 'microphone, 'atmosphere, 'amplitude, ab'sorption, 'temperature, 'polarization, quartz, vib'ration, modu'lation, electro'lyte, 'diode, inter'ference, 'energy, 'energize, po'tential, ultra'sonic, multi'track, 'multi'phase 'systems, 'thermal 'physicist, ultra'violet rays, 'audio 'signal, 'digital 'circuit.

Exercise 24

'Wavelength, obser'vation, ob'servable, i'nitial, inte'grated, 'surface, 'pressure, 'voltage, 'magnitude, re'versible, re'versibility, e'vaporate, conduc'tivity, strength, 'rectify, rectifi'cation, 'amplify, amplifi'cation, 'amplifier, 'frequency, o'scilloscope, wire, col'lision, oc'currence, at'tenuate, 'bandwidth, multi'plexing, superflu'idity, 'stabilizing 'circuit, co'axial 'cable, tra'verse, 'measurement.

Exercise 25

'Calcium, 'copper, 'fluopium, 'ferrum, 'chlorine, 'iron, ger'manium, 'helium, i'ridium, 'iodine, mag'nesium, 'manganese, 'nickel, 'phosphorus, 'plumbum, lead, 'radium, 'sulphur, 'rhodium, 'silicon, 'stannum, 'strontium, 'thorium, 'hydrogen, 'nitrogen, 'oxygen, 'Chemistry, 'chemicals, 'carbon di'oxide.

Exercise 26

'Surface, earth, cause, air, de'posit, 'valley, flood, 'glacier, ice, 'weather, 'nature, en'vironment, vol'cano, ge'ology, e'rosion, 'quality, e'cology, 'industry, pol'lution, environ'mental 'safety, drought, plant, 'shower, hu'midity, 'lightning, water, wind, pour, south, north, west, east, 'climate, 'damage, o'zone, 'acid, 'dangerous, 'human, 'flora, 'fauna, 'animal, re'cycle, 'temperature, conser'vation, pro'tection, 'atmo'sphere, ex'tinction, 'scientist, area, sea, 'pressure, 'habitant, 'wildlife, re'sources, 'species, 'ocean, 'island, e'quator.

Exercise 27

To'pography, meteo'rology, hyd'rology, 'mountain, high, mig'ration, 'season, type, vege'tation, 'forecast, 'minus, mass, clima'tology, swamp, 'purify, 'desert, 'autumn, de'bris, 'forest, grass, 'mammal, 'origin, 'eco'friendly, waste, re'serve, recre'ation, hydrogen, oxygen, carbon di'oxide.

Exercise 28 [ t, d, Id ]

cook – cooked, dry – 'dried, dance – danced, spray – 'sprayed, mask – masked, flay – 'flayed, pass – passed, free – 'freed, weep – weeped, fee – 'feed, map – 'mapped, stall – stalled, help – 'helped, wall – walled, face – faced, shape – shaped, pat – patted, pad – padded, end – ended, bed – bedded, test – tested, land – landed, list – listed, skid – skidded, tend – tended, hand – handed, state – stated, date – dated, cite – cited, pride – prided, white – whited, hate – hated, trade – traded, vote – voted, code – coded, start – started, sort – sorted, port – ported, lord – lorded, cord – corded, root – rooted, paint – painted, need – needed, speed – speeded, point – pointed, hoist – hoisted, found – founded, sound – sounded, ground – grounded, pound – pounded.

TEXT A

TEA-LEAVES

Many years ago tea was unknown in European countries. Many people didn’t even know the word “tea”, though drinking tea was very popular in the East.

Once a young sailor came back from India. He was the only son of an old woman and every time he returned to Great Britain from a far-away country he brought his mother a gift. Of course, he tried to bring her something unusual, that she could show to her friends.

This time he brought her a box of tea. The old woman didn’t know anything about tea, but she liked the smell, and invited all her friends to come and try it.

When her guests arrived, she invited them to the dining table. The old woman treated them to cakes, fruit and tea-leaves.

When the sailor entered the room and saw a big plate filled with the tea-leaves, he understood everything. He smiled when he saw his mother’s friends eating tea-leaves with butter and salt. They pretended they liked it, but it was clear they didn’t enjoy eating the leaves.

“Where is the tea, Mother?” the sailor asked. His mother pointed to the plate in the middle of the table. “No, this is only the leaves of the tea”, the sailor said. “Where is the water?”

“The water!?” his mother said. “I threw the water away, of course”.

leaf – лист to treat – угощать smell – запах

gift – подарок to point – указывать

TEXT B

HER WISH TO BECOME YOUNG WAS TOO GREAT

This is a story about an old man and an old woman. They lived near a fine green wood. One summer day the old man went to the wood to pick mushrooms. It was a hot day and the man soon got tired and thirsty, but there was no water in the wood. So he sat down under a tree to rest.

Everything around him was so fresh and fine, but he was so old and sad. He wanted to return the days when he was young and fine.

Suddenly he saw a little spring near him. He was very glad as he was very thirsty. He began drinking the water. Soon he felt that he became younger and in a few minutes he was a fine young man again.

He ran home to tell his wife about the spring. When his wife heard the story, she ran to the wood quickly, though she was very old.

It was very late, but the old woman didn’t return home. So the old man went to the wood to meet her. When he came up to the spring, he saw a little girl. She was very glad to see him as she did not know how to get home. It was his wife. The man thought, “My wife wanted to become young so much that she drank too much water”.

wood – лес wish – желание to be thirsty – хотеть пить

spring – ручей

TEXT C

A SAD STORY

Three men came to New York for a holiday. They came to a very large hotel and took a room there. Their room was on the forty-fifth floor. In the evening the young men went to the cinema. When the film was over, they went to a restaurant and had supper there. They came back to the hotel very late.

“I am very sorry”, said the clerk of the hotel, “but our lifts do not work at night. If you don’t want to walk up in your room, you can sleep in the hall”.

“No, no”, said one of the three men, “no, thank you. We shall walk to our room”. Then he said to his friends, “I think I know how to make it easy for us to walk up to the forty-fifth floor. On our way to the room I’ll tell you some jokes, then you, Peter, will tell us some interesting stories”.

So they began to walk up to their room. At last they came to the thirty-fourth floor. They were tired by that time, and they decided to have a rest. “Well”, said Tom “now it is your turn, Peter. Tell us a story with a sad end”.

“I’ll tell you a story”, said Peter. “It will not be long, but it will be sad enough. Listen. We have left the key to our room in the hall downstairs”.

floor – этаж joke – шутка

It is your turn – ваша очередь key – ключ

TEXT D

WHAT HIS LIFE WAS WORTH

Robert Burns, the great Scottish poet, loved common people and wrote for them. Though he had little formal education, he was well-read and talented. He began to be recognized as a poet when his first poems were published in 1786. He was known as a very witty man.

One day when Burns was walking near the docks, he heard a cry for help. He ran towards the water. At that moment he saw a young sailor jump off a boat that stood near the dock. The sailor began to swim towards the man who was calling for help. Though it was not easy, the sailor saved the man.

The man who was saved from drowning was a very rich merchant. He thanked the brave sailor and gave him a shilling. The sailor was embarrassed.

A large crowd of people gathered round them. All the people considered the sailor to be a hero. They were displeased when the rich man gave the brave sailor only a shilling.

Many of the people shouted loudly and protested against it. But the rich merchant did not pay any attention to them.

At the moment Robert Burns approached the crowd and wondered what the matter was. He was told the whole story.

He was not surprised at the behavior of the rich merchant and said:

“Let him alone. The gentleman is the best judge of what his life is worth”.

common – простой witty – остроумный

docks – доки to drown – тонуть

behavior – поведение Let him alone – оставьте его (в покое)

judge – судья to be worth – 'стоит что-то сделать

Войтик Н. В., Елесина М. А., Фомина Е. В.

Практикум по правилам чтения для студентов I курса неязыковых факультетов. Часть I. Тюмень: Издательство ТюмГУ, 2005.

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