Chapter 11:
Pricing with Market Power
183
Therefore,
= 100
Q - 3
Q
2
+ 4
QA
1/2
- 4
Q
2
- 10
Q -
A, or
= 90Q - 7
Q
2
+ 4
QA
1/2
-
A.
The firm wants to choose its level of output and advertising expenditures to maximize
its profits:
Max
90
Q
7
Q
2
4
QA
1 /2
A
The necessary conditions for an optimum are:
(1)
Q
= 90
14
Q
4
1
/ 2
A = 0
,
and
(2)
A
2
-1
/ 2
QA
1
0
.
From equation (2), we obtain
A
1/2
= 2
Q.
Substituting this into equation (1), we obtain
90 - 14
Q + 4(2
Q) = 0, or
Q* = 15.
Then,
A* = (4)(15
2
) = 900,
which implies
P* = 100 - (3)(15) + (4)(900
1/2
) = $175.
b.
Calculate the Lerner index, L = (P - MC)/P, for this firm at its profit-maximizing
levels of A, Q, and P.
The degree of monopoly power is given by the formula
P MC
P
.
Marginal cost is
8
Q + 10 (the derivative of total cost with respect to quantity).
At the optimum, where
Q = 15,
MC = (8)(15) + 10 = 130. Therefore, the Lerner index is
L =
-
= .
.
175 130
175
0 257