Producer price indices volume 2002, Supplement 2
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- Geographical coverage
2.9.1 Reference population
There are a number of dimensions relating to the reference population that need to be considered. These include geographic coverage and coverage of socio-economic groups (e.g., income thresholds, and household types). The ILO guidelines are not very specific in this area and merely state that the reference population should normally be defined very widely and that transparency be given to the income groups and households or family groups excluded. In the context of the CPI, households is normally taken to mean private households, which includes one person households but excludes the institutional population, i.e. persons permanently living communally in, for example, orphanages, old people’s homes or convents. Geographical coverage This should be viewed in terms of both the geographical coverage of reference period expenditures and the geographical coverage of price collection. Ideally, these two should coincide, such that a national index is compiled using expenditure data (weights) and prices collected from urban and rural areas in the same regions. Similarly, a regional index should use weights and prices collected in that region only. In most countries, prices are collected in urban areas only since their movements are considered to be representative of price movements in rural areas 25 . In these cases national weights are applied and the resulting index can be considered a national CPI. If, however, price movements in urban and rural areas are sufficiently different and price collection is restricted to urban areas owing to resource constraints, then urban weights should be applied and the resulting index must be considered as merely an urban CPI, not national. The situation in OECD Member countries is shown in Table 4. In the majority of countries, the index is described as covering the whole country. As the table also shows, indices are restricted, in the majority of cases, to urban areas above a certain population size, for example 10 000 (Greece) or 20 000 (Turkey). Australia, United States, Turkey, Mexico and Korea cover urban households only (for both weights and prices). All other Member countries use weights covering urban and rural households, although in nearly all these, price collection takes place only in urban areas. Of course, the borderline between urban and rural is debatable. For example, in France price collection takes place in villages of 2 000 residents. Is such a community considered urban or rural? There is no standard international definition as regards urban or rural in terms of population threshold. 25 Also because of the high share of consumer expenditure accounted for by urban centres even in rural areas and for rural based consumers. MEI Methodological Analysis - Supplement 2 © 2002 28 Table 4: Consumer prices: Geographical coverage Download 465.51 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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