Reading passages

321- The author explains that of the three main kinds of parasitic worms in France, the round 
worm ------- . 
A) is often found in gardens 
B) does not lead to symptoms in the body very often 
C) grows in human excrete when it is used as manure 
D) is the one that most often causes irritability in the body 
E) is more commonly found in adults than in children 
Typhus used to be known as "jail fever" as it was very common in prisons; but it is a fact that 
overcrowding, poverty, and bad hygienic surroundings anywhere are suitable conditions for 
epidemics of this disease. Improved conditions in industrialised countries have made it unusual, since 
typhus is carried from one person to another by infected body lice. Typhus comes on suddenly with a 
rise in temperature to about 39°C, but within three or four days it may be as high as 42°C. There may 
or may not be a rash at this time, and in the second week, when the temperature is at its highest level 
there is delirium, physical weakness, and a weak pulse. 
322- According to the text, typhus is commonly found ------- . 
A) in especially overcrowded and dirty places 
B) among school children or babies 
C) in contemporary industrialised countries 
D) in the neighbourhoods close to prisons 

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103 
E) in areas where the population is on the rapid 
increase 
323- The author states that once typhus has started, ------- . 
A) the non-hygienic conditions of prisons are put the blame on 
B) the body is immediately covered in a rash 
C) it is very difficult to avoid an epidemic 
D) it develops very fast 
E) the working conditions in factories have to be improved immediately 
324- As is stated in the passage, when the fever reaches a peak, ------- . 
A) the strength of the patient has to be carefully watched 
B) one of the effects is that the patient's pulse becomes very slow 
C) the rash on the patient's body begins to disappear gradually 
D) the danger of the illness being passed on decreases 
E) the patient will be confused and his speech disordered 
Fundamental sanitary facilities are non-existent in many parts of the tropics, particularly in rural 
areas, and this state of affairs is responsible for the continuity of preventable diseases such as 
hookworm infection, dysentery and cholera. The solution lies in the provision of toilet facilities that 
are suitable for the local conditions, and the villagers should be educated to use them and to 
appreciate their value to the community. In view of the need to improve the fertility of the soil, local 
authorities are becoming increasingly interested in simple methods of composting village waste, in 
this way invigorating the soil with valuable humus without any risks of infection involved in the old 
practices of direct application.