channel
The means by which a message is communicated.
chart
A visual aid that summarizes a large block of information, usually in list form.
chronological design
Pattern of speech organization that follows a sequence of important events in relating the history of a subject or predicting its future.
chronological order
A method of speech organization in which the main points follow a time pattern.
claims
Conclusions that go beyond factual statements to make judgments about their subjects.
cliché
A trite or overused expression.
clip art
Pictures and symbols that represent common objects, processes, and ideas.
clutter
Discourse that takes many more words than are necessary to express an idea.
co-active approach
A way of approaching reluctant audiences in which the speaker attempts to establish goodwill, emphasizes shared values, and sets modest goals for persuasion.
cognitive restructuring
The process of replacing negative thoughts with positive, constructive ones.
collaborative problem solving
In group communication, an approach that gathers participants from separate areas of the public or private sectors for their input on a problem.
commemorative speech
A speech that pays tribute to a person, a group of people, an institution, or an idea.
communication apprehension
Anxiety or fear experienced before and during public speaking.
communication environment
The setting in which communication occurs, including both physical and psychological factors.
comparative advantages order
A method of organizing persuasive speeches in which each main point explains why a speaker's solution to a problem is preferable to other proposed solutions.
comparative design
A pattern for an informative speech that relates an unfamiliar subject to something the audience already knows or understands.
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