Scientific Management by Taylor

Differential Piece Wage Plan

1. 
   This tech of wage payment is based on efficiency of worker.
   
2. 
   The efficient workers are paid more wages than inefficient one.
   
3. 
   On the other hand, those workers who produce less than standard no. of pieces are paid wages at lower rate than prevailing rate i.e. worker is penalized for his inefficiency.
   
4. 
   This system is a source of incentive to workers who improving their efficiency in order to get more wages.
   
5. 
   It also encourages inefficient workers to improve their performance and achieve their standards.
   
6. 
   It leads to mass production which minimizes cost and maximizes profits.
   

6. Other Techniques

   1. 
      Various other techniques have been developed to create ordeal relationship between management and workers and also to create better understanding on part of works.
      
   2. 
      Those includes use of instruction cards, strict rules & regulations, graphs, slides, charts etc, so as to increase efficiency of workers.
      

Criticism of Scientific Management

Although it is accepted that the scientific management enables the management to put resources to its best possible use and manner, yet it has not been spared of severe criticism.

Workers Viewpoint

1. 
   Unemployment - Workers feel that management reduces employment opportunities from them through replacement of men by machines and by increasing human productivity less workers are needed to do work leading to chucking out from their jobs.
   
2. 
   Exploitation - Workers feel they are exploited as they are not given due share in increasing profits which is due to their increased productivity. Wages do not rise in proportion as rise in production. Wage payment creates uncertainty & insecurity (beyond a standard output, there is no increase in wage rate).
   
3. 
   Monotony - Due to excessive specialization the workers are not able to take initiative on their own. Their status is reduced to being mere cogs in wheel. Jobs become dull. Workers loose interest in jobs and derive little pleasure from work.
   
4.