Selection and evaluation of the teaching materials for developing environmental awareness in all classrooms Contents Introduction Chapter I. Class as a social group and its atmosphere

Conduct Classroom Meetings.Teachers can make their classrooms encouraging and supportive by teaching students problem solving and conflict resolution skills in small groups and whole class meetings (defined class meetings as when the teacher assigns a designated time of day when students form a circle and work together to discuss and solve classroom issues and problems. Classroom meetings can help create a sense of belonging and trust for students. Classroom meetings can also encourage children to work together to solve problems while practicing pro-social skills.
Browning, used classroom meetings with twenty 1st- grade students to teach them positive forms of conflict resolution and decrease acts of verbal and physical aggression. Prior to the introduction of the class meeting acts of aggression were common in this classroom. After the use of the classroom meeting the number of aggressive acts was significantly reduced. Classroom meetings with fourth and fifth grade students and saw a decrease in the number of disciplinary referrals to the office and an increase in self-esteem.
2.2 Classroom Strategies for encouraging english environment.
Chances are that your English language learners () come from a culture with traditions and family values that differ from mainstream American culture. These young children not only have the challenge of learning a new language, but also of adjusting to an unfamiliar cultural setting and school system. Imagine what it would be like to step into a foreign classroom where you didn't understand the language, rules, routines, or expected behavior. On a daily basis, are adjusting to new ways of saying and doing things. As their teacher, you are an important bridge to this unknown culture and school system. There are a number of things you can do to help make ' transitions as smooth as possible. Stages of cultural accommodation. In the same way that go through stages of English language learning, they may also pass through stages of cultural accommodation. These stages, however, may be less defined and more difficult to notice. Being aware of these stages may help you to better understand "unusual" actions and reactions that may just be part of adjusting to a new culture. Euphoria: may experience an initial period of excitement about their new surroundings. Culture shock: may then experience anger, hostility, frustration, homesickness, or resentment towards the new culture. Acceptance: may gradually accept their different surroundings. Assimilation/adaptation: may embrace and adapt to their surroundings and their "new" culture. Classroom strategies: helping your adjust to new surroundings Although there are no specific teaching techniques to make feel that they belong in a new culture, there are ways for you to make them feel welcome in your classroom:
Learn their names Take the time to learn how to pronounce your ' names correctly. Ask them to say their name. Listen carefully and repeat it until you know it. If a student's name is Pedro, make sure you do not call him /peedro/ or Peter. Also, model the correct pronunciation of ' names to the class so that all students can say the correct pronunciation. Offer one-on-one assistance when possible Some may not answer voluntarily in class or ask for your help even if they need it. may smile and nod, but this does not necessarily mean that they understand. Go over to their desk to offer individual coaching in a friendly way. For convenience, it may be helpful to seat near your desk. Assign a peer partner. Identify a classmate who really wants to help your ELL as a peer. This student can make sure that the ELL understands what he or she is supposed to do. It will be even more helpful if the peer partner knows the ELL's first language. Post a visual daily schedule. Even if do not yet understand all of the words that you speak, it is possible for them to understand the structure of each day. Whether through chalkboard art or images on Velcro, you can post the daily schedule each morning. By writing down times and having pictures next to words like lunch, wash hands, math, and field trip, can have a general sense of the upcoming day. Use an interpreter. On-site interpreters can be very helpful in smoothing out misunderstandings that arise due to communication problems and cultural differences. If an on-site interpreter (a paid or volunteer school staff position) is not available, try to find an adult - perhaps another parent who is familiar with the school or "knows the system" – who is willing to serve this purpose. In difficult situations, it would not be appropriate for another child to translate. can make unintentional "mistakes" as they are trying hard to adjust to a new cultural setting. They are constantly transferring what they know as acceptable behaviors from their own culture to the U.S. classroom and school. Be patient as learn English and adjust. Invite their culture into the classroom. Encourage to share their language and culture with you and your class. Show-and-tell is a good opportunity for to bring in something representative of their culture, if they wish. They could also tell a popular story or folktale using words, pictures, gestures, and movements. could also try to teach the class some words from their native language. Use materials related to your ' cultures. Children respond when they see books, topics, characters, and images that are familiar. Try to achieve a good balance of books and materials that include different cultures. Browse these bilingual books from our sister site Colorín Colorado. Label classroom objects in both languages. Labeling classroom objects will allow to better understand their immediate surroundings. These labels will also assist you when explaining or giving directions. Start with everyday items, such as "door/puerta," "book/libro," and "chair/silla." Include in a non-threatening manner. Some may be apprehensive about speaking out in a group. They might be afraid to make mistakes in front of their peers. Their silence could also be a sign of respect for you as an authority – and not a sign of their inability or refusal to participate. Find ways to involve in a non-threatening manner, such as through Total Physical Response activities and cooperative learning projects. Involve in cooperative learning. Some are used to working cooperatively on assigned tasks. What may look like cheating to you is actually a culturally acquired learning style — an attempt to mimic, see, or model what has to be done. Use this cultural trait as a plus in your classroom. Assign buddies or peer tutors so that are able to participate in all class activities. Also, check out these cooperative learning strategies you can use with . Help your follow established rules. All students need to understand and follow your classroom rules from the very beginning, and are no exception. Teach them your classroom management rules as soon as possible to avoid misunderstandings, discipline problems, and feelings of low self-esteem. Here are a few strategies that you can use in class: Use visuals like pictures, symbols, and reward systems to communicate your expectations in a positive and direct manner. Physically model language to in classroom routines and instructional activities. will need to see you or their peers model behavior when you want them to sit down, walk to the bulletin board, work with a partner, copy a word, etc. Be consistent and fair with all students. Once clearly understand what is expected, hold them equally accountable for their behavior. Language lessons also provide great opportunities for incorporating interactive activities improving classroom atmosphere and not being too worried about the time loss and being behind in terms of the syllabus as these activities can be created to have both didactic as well as psychological function.