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international leadership and responsibility in reducing the
1
health, environmental, and economic risks posed by climate
2
change by—
3
(1) taking responsible action to ensure signifi-
4
cant and meaningful reductions in emissions of
5
greenhouse gases from all sectors;
6
(2) creating flexible international and domestic
7
mechanisms, including joint implementation, tech-
8
nology deployment, tradable credits for emissions re-
9
ductions and carbon sequestration projects that will
10
reduce, avoid, and sequester greenhouse gas emissions;
11
and
12
(3) participating in international negotiations,
13
including putting forth a proposal to the Conference
14
of the Parties, with the objective of securing United
15
States participation in a future binding climate
16
change Treaty in a manner that is consistent with the
17
environmental objectives of the UNFCCC, that pro-
18
tects the economic interests of the United States, and
19
recognizes the shared international responsibility for
20
addressing climate change, including developing coun-
21
try participation.
22
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HR 6 EAS1S/PP
Subtitle B—Climate Change
1
Strategy
2
SEC. 1011. SHORT TITLE.
3
This subtitle may be cited as the ‘‘Climate Change
4
Strategy and Technology Innovation Act of 2003’’.
5
SEC. 1012. DEFINITIONS.
6
In this subtitle:
7
(1) C
LIMATE
-
FRIENDLY TECHNOLOGY
.—The term
8
‘‘climate-friendly technology’’ means any energy sup-
9
ply or end-use technology that, over the life of the
10
technology and compared to similar technology in
11
commercial use as of the date of enactment of this
12
Act—
13
(A) results in reduced emissions of green-
14
house gases;
15
(B) may substantially lower emissions of
16
other pollutants; and
17
(C) may generate substantially smaller or
18
less hazardous quantities of solid or liquid waste.
19
(2) D
EPARTMENT
.—The term ‘‘Department’’
20
means the Department of Energy.
21
(3) D
EPARTMENT OFFICE
.—The term ‘‘Depart-
22
ment Office’’ means the Office of Climate Change
23
Technology of the Department established by section
24
1015(a).
25
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HR 6 EAS1S/PP
(4) F
EDERAL AGENCY
.—The term ‘‘Federal agen-
1
cy’’ has the meaning given the term ‘‘agency’’ in sec-
2
tion 551 of title 5, United States Code.
3
(5) G
REENHOUSE GAS
.—The term ‘‘greenhouse
4
gas’’ means—
5
(A) an anthropogenic gaseous constituent of
6
the atmosphere (including carbon dioxide, meth-
7
ane,
nitrous
oxide,
chlorofluorocarbons,
8
hydrofluorocarbons,
perfluorocarbons,
sulfur
9
hexafluoride, and tropospheric ozone) that ab-
10
sorbs and re-emits infrared radiation and influ-
11
ences climate; and
12
(B) an anthropogenic aerosol (such as black
13
soot) that absorbs solar radiation and influences
14
climate.
15
(6) I
NTERAGENCY
TASK
FORCE
.—The term
16
‘‘Interagency Task Force’’ means the Interagency
17
Task Force established under section 1014(e).
18
(7) K
EY ELEMENT
.—The term ‘‘key element’’,
19
with respect to the Strategy, means—
20
(A) definition of interim emission mitiga-
21
tion levels, that, coupled with specific mitigation
22
approaches and after taking into account actions
23
by other nations (if any), would result in sta-
24
bilization of greenhouse gas concentrations;
25
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HR 6 EAS1S/PP
(B) technology development, including—
1
(i) a national commitment to double
2
energy research and development by the
3
United States public and private sectors;
4
and
5
(ii) in carrying out such research and
6
development, a national commitment to
7
provide a high degree of emphasis on bold,
8
breakthrough technologies that will make
9
possible a profound transformation of the
10
energy, transportation, industrial, agricul-
11
tural, and building sectors of the United
12
States;
13
(C) climate adaptation research that focuses
14
on actions necessary to adapt to climate
15
change—
16
(i) that may have already occurred; or
17
(ii) that may occur under future cli-
18
mate change scenarios;
19
(D) climate science research that—
20
(i) builds on the substantial scientific
21
understanding of climate change that exists
22
as of the date of enactment of this subtitle;
23
and
24
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HR 6 EAS1S/PP
(ii) focuses on reducing the remaining
1
scientific, technical, and economic uncer-
2
tainties to aid in the development of sound
3
response strategies.
4
(8) L
ONG
-
TERM GOAL OF THE STRATEGY
.—The
5
term ‘‘long-term goal of the Strategy’’ means the long-
6
term goal in section 1013(a)(1).
7
(9) M
ITIGATION
.—The term ‘‘mitigation’’ means
8
actions that reduce, avoid, or sequester greenhouse
9
gases.
10
(10) N
ATIONAL
ACADEMY
OF
SCIENCES
.—The
11
term ‘‘National Academy of Sciences’’ means the Na-
12
tional Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of
13
Engineering, the Institute of Medicine, and the Na-
14
tional Research Council.
15
(11) Q
UALIFIED INDIVIDUAL
.—
16
(A) I
N GENERAL
.—The term ‘‘qualified in-
17
dividual’’ means an individual who has dem-
18
onstrated expertise and leadership skills to draw
19
on other experts in diverse fields of knowledge
20
that are relevant to addressing the climate
21
change challenge.
22
(B) F
IELDS OF KNOWLEDGE
.—The fields of
23
knowledge referred to in subparagraph (A) are—
24
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HR 6 EAS1S/PP
(i) the science of climate change and
1
its impacts;
2
(ii) energy and environmental econom-
3
ics;
4
(iii) technology transfer and diffusion;
5
(iv) the social dimensions of climate
6
change;
7
(v) climate change adaptation strate-
8
gies;
9
(vi) fossil, nuclear, and renewable en-
10
ergy technology;
11
(vii) energy efficiency and energy con-
12
servation;
13
(viii) energy systems integration;
14
(ix) engineered and terrestrial carbon
15
sequestration;
16
(x) transportation, industrial, and
17
building sector concerns;
18
(xi)
regulatory
and
market-based
19
mechanisms for addressing climate change;
20
(xii) risk and decision analysis;
21
(xiii) strategic planning; and
22
(xiv) the international implications of
23
climate change strategies.
24
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HR 6 EAS1S/PP
(12) S
ECRETARY
.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means
1
the Secretary of Energy.
2
(13) S
TABILIZATION OF GREENHOUSE GAS CON
-
3
CENTRATIONS
.—The term ‘‘stabilization of greenhouse
4
gas concentrations’’ means the stabilization of green-
5
house gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level
6
that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic inter-
7
ference with the climate system, recognizing that such
8
a level should be achieved within a time frame suffi-
9
cient to allow ecosystems to adapt naturally to cli-
10
mate change, to ensure that food production is not
11
threatened and to enable economic development to
12
proceed in a sustainable manner, as contemplated by
13
the United Nations Framework Convention on Cli-
14
mate Change, done at New York on May 9, 1992.
15
(14) S
TRATEGY
.—The term ‘‘Strategy’’ means
16
the National Climate Change Strategy developed
17
under section 1013.
18
(15) W
HITE HOUSE OFFICE
.—The term ‘‘White
19
House Office’’ means the Office of National Climate
20
Change Policy established by section 1014(a).
21
SEC. 1013. NATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE STRATEGY.
22
(a) I
N
G
ENERAL
.—The President, through the director
23
of the White House Office and in consultation with the
24
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HR 6 EAS1S/PP
Interagency Task Force, shall develop a National Climate
1
Change Strategy, which shall—
2
(1) have the long-term goal of stabilization of
3
greenhouse gas concentrations through actions taken
4
by the United States and other nations;
5
(2) recognize that accomplishing the long-term
6
goal of the Strategy will take from many decades to
7
more than a century, but acknowledging that signifi-
8
cant actions must begin in the near term;
9
(3) incorporate the four key elements;
10
(4) be developed on the basis of an examination
11
of a broad range of emissions levels and dates for
12
achievement of those levels (including those evaluated
13
by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
14
and those consistent with United States treaty com-
15
mitments) that, after taking into account actions by
16
other nations, would achieve the long-term goal of the
17
Strategy;
18
(5) consider the broad range of activities and ac-
19
tions that can be taken by United States entities to
20
reduce, avoid, or sequester greenhouse gas emissions
21
both within the United States and in other nations
22
through the use of market mechanisms, which may in-
23
clude, but not be limited to, mitigation activities, ter-
24
restrial sequestration, earning offsets through carbon
25
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HR 6 EAS1S/PP
capture or project-based activities, trading of emis-
1
sions credits in domestic and international markets,
2
and the application of the resulting credits from any
3
of the above within the United States;
4
(6) minimize any adverse short-term and long-
5
term social, economic, national security, and environ-
6
mental impacts, including ensuring that the strategy
7
is developed in an economically and environmentally
8
sound manner;
9
(7) incorporate mitigation approaches leading to
10
the development and deployment of advanced tech-
11
nologies and practices that will reduce, avoid, or se-
12
quester greenhouse gas emissions;
13
(8) be consistent with the goals of energy, trans-
14
portation, industrial, agricultural, forestry, environ-
15
mental, economic, and other relevant policies of the
16
United States;
17
(9) take into account—
18
(A) the diversity of energy sources and tech-
19
nologies;
20
(B) supply-side and demand-side solutions;
21
and
22
(C) national infrastructure, energy distribu-
23
tion, and transportation systems;
24
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HR 6 EAS1S/PP
(10) be based on an evaluation of a wide range
1
of approaches for achieving the long-term goal of the
2
Strategy, including evaluation of—
3
(A) a variety of cost-effective Federal and
4
State policies, programs, standards, and incen-
5
tives;
6
(B) policies that integrate and promote in-
7
novative, market-based solutions in the United
8
States and in foreign countries; and
9
(C) participation in other international in-
10
stitutions, or in the support of international ac-
11
tivities, that are established or conducted to
12
achieve the long-term goal of the Strategy;
13
(11) in the final recommendations of the
14
Strategy—
15
(A) emphasize policies and actions that
16
achieve the long-term goal of the Strategy; and
17
(B)
provide
specific
recommendations
18
concerning—
19
(i) measures determined to be appro-
20
priate for short-term implementation, giv-
21
ing preference to cost-effective and techno-
22
logically feasible measures that will—
23
(I) produce measurable net reduc-
24
tions in United States emissions, com-
25
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HR 6 EAS1S/PP
pared to expected trends, that lead to-
1
ward achievement of the long-term goal
2
of the Strategy; and
3
(II) minimize any adverse short-
4
term and long-term economic, environ-
5
mental, national security, and social
6
impacts on the United States;
7
(ii) the development of technologies
8
that have the potential for long-term
9
implementation—
10
(I) giving preference to tech-
11
nologies that have the potential to re-
12
duce significantly the overall cost of
13
achieving the long-term goal of the
14
Strategy; and
15
(II) considering a full range of
16
energy sources, energy conversion and
17
use technologies, and efficiency options;
18
(iii) such changes in institutional and
19
technology systems are necessary to adapt to
20
climate change in the short-term and the
21
long-term;
22
(iv) such review, modification, and en-
23
hancement of the scientific, technical, and
24
economic research efforts of the United
25
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HR 6 EAS1S/PP
States, and improvements to the data re-
1
sulting from research, as are appropriate to
2
improve the accuracy of predictions con-
3
cerning climate change and the economic
4
and social costs and opportunities relating
5
to climate change; and
6
(v) changes that should be made to
7
project and grant evaluation criteria under
8
other Federal research and development pro-
9
grams so that those criteria do not inhibit
10
development of climate-friendly technologies;
11
(12) recognize that the Strategy is intended to
12
guide the Nation’s effort to address climate change,
13
but it shall not create a legal obligation on the part
14
of any person or entity other than the duties of the
15
Director of the White House Office and Interagency
16
Task Force in the development of the Strategy;
17
(13) have a scope that considers the totality of
18
United States public, private, and public-private sec-
19
tor actions that bear on the long-term goal;
20
(14) be developed in a manner that provides for
21
meaningful
participation
by,
and
consultation
22
among, Federal, State, tribal, and local government
23
agencies, nongovernmental organizations, academia,
24
scientific bodies, industry, the public, and other inter-
25
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